Biology 30 - D3: hardy-Weinberg principle

Microevolution

• when he frequencies of the alleles change over time.

• Describes species change over a short period of time

Mutations

• a change in the sequence of nucleotides in a strand of DNA, which can then cause new/altered proteins to be made

• Can be neutral, advantageous, disadvantageous

• If the mutation is in sex cells, the mutation will be passed down to each generation

• All genetic diversity arises from mutations

Gene flow

• the movement of alleles from one population to another due to the migration of individuals

• Even within the same species, different populations can contain different mutations

• If individuals move between these populations, they may introduce new alleles or alter the frequency

  • Ex. A person from Africa moving to Europe and having a mixed race baby

Genetic drift

• a change in allele frequencies due to a change. This is more pronounced in small populations