PT Funds - UQ ROM Testing

What is the normal end feel for glenohumeral flexion?

Firm due to tight posterior capsule, muscle tension, or ligaments

What is the normal end feel for shoulder flexion?

Firm due to sternoclavicular capsule, muscle tension/ligaments

What is normal end feel for glenohumeral extension?

Firm due to muscle tension, anterior joint capsule, or ligaments

What is normal end feel for shoulder extension?

Firm due to sternoclavicular capsule, muscle tension, or ligaments

What is normal end feel for Glenohumeral abduction?

Firm due to sternoclavicular capsule, muscle tension or ligaments

What is normal end feel for glenohumeral internal rotation?

Firm due to posterior joint capsule, muscle tension or ligaments

What is the normal end feel for shoulder internal rotation?

Firm due to sternoclavicular joint capsule, muscle tension or ligaments

What is normal end feel for glenohumeral external rotation?

Firm due to anterior joint capsule muscle tension, or ligaments

What is normal end feel for shoulder external rotation?

Firm due to sternoclavicular joint capsule, muscle tension or ligaments

What position is the patient in during shoulder flexion/extension ROM testing?

Supine/Prone

Where is the goniometer placed for shoulder flexion/extension testing?

Stationary arm: mid-axillary line

Axis of rotation: greater tubercle of humerus

Movement arm: Lateral epicondyle

What is normative values for shoulder extension/flexion

Flexion: 160-180

Extension: 50-60 degrees

Testing Motion for Shoulder Flexion/Extension

- Patient flexes/extends shoulder to end range of motion

- Palpate shoulder extensors/flexors

- Patient holds position and measure difference from beginning to end positions

Where is the goniometer placed for shoulder abduction ROM testing?

Stationary arm: parallel to sternum

Axis of rotation: anterior acromion

Movement arm: bisecting the condyles of humerus; with increased abduction, use medial epicondyle

What is the normal range for shoulder abduction/adduction?

0-180 degrees for abduction

50-75 degrees for adduction

Testing Motion for Shoulder Abduction

- Patient abduct the shoulder to end range of motion

- Palpate shoulder abductors

- Hold position and measure difference between beginning to end positions

Where is the goniometer placed for shoulder internal/external rotation?

Stationary arm: perpendicular to the floor

Axis of rotation: olecranon process

Movement arm: ulnar styloid process

What are the normative values for shoulder internal/external rotation?

IR: 80-90

ER: 70-90 degrees

Testing Motion for shoulder internal/external rotation

- Patient internally/externally rotates to end range of motion

- End range of motion determined by anterior glide of humeral head

- Palpate shoulder internal/external rotators

- Measure the difference from beginning to end positions

What is the normal end feel for elbow extension?

Hard due to posterior, bony approximation of the olecranon process fitting into the olecranon fossa

What is normal end feel for elbow flexion?

Soft due to approximation of bicep and forearm musculature

What is the normal end feel for elbow supination?

Firm due to joint capsule, muscle tension, ligaments

What is the normal end feel for elbow pronation?

Firm due to joint capsule, muscle tension, ligaments

Where does the goniometer go during elbow flexion?

Stationary arm: acromion process

Axis of rotation: lateral epicondyle

Movement arm: radial styloid process

Testing Motion of Elbow Flexion

- Patient flexes elbow to end range of motion

- Palpate elbow flexors

- Hold position and measure the difference

What is the normative values for elbow flexion/extension?

Flexion: 140-150 degrees

Extension: 0 to hyper 10

Patient Positions for Elbow Flex/Ext

Supine

Where is goniometer placed during forearm pronation ROM testing?

Stationary Arm: midline of humerus

Axis of Rotation: Dorsal and proximal to ulnar styloid process

Movement Arm: Dorsal surface of wrist, proximal and parallel to styloid process

What are the normative values for forearm pronation?

80-90 degrees

Testing Motion for Forearm Pronation

- Patient pronates forearm to end range of motion

- Palpate forearm pronators

- Hold position and measure the difference from beginning to end positions

Where is the goniometer placed during forearm supination ROM testing?

Stationary arm: midline of humerus

Axis of rotation: ventral and proximal to ulnar styloid process

Movement arm: ventral surface of wrist, proximal and parallel to styloid process

What are the normative values for forearm supination?

80-90 degrees

Patient positions during forearm supination/pronation

Seated with elbow in 90 degree flexion and neutral rotation

Testing Motion for Forearm Supination

- Patient supinate forearm to end range of motion

- Palpate forearm supinators

- Hold position and measure difference

What is the end feel for wrist extension?

Firm due to joint capsule, muscle tension, ligaments

What is normal end feel for wrist flexion?

Firm due to joint capsule, muscle tension, ligaments

What is normal end feel for wrist ulnar deviation?

Firm due to joint capsule, muscle tension, ligaments

What is the normal end feel for wrist radial deviation?

Hard due to bony approximation, Firm due to joint capsule, muscle tension, ligaments

Where is the goniometer placed during wrist flexion/extension ROM testing?

Stationary arm: from triquetrum to olecranon process

Axis of rotation: lateral to triquetrum

Movement arm: parallel with fifth metacarpal

Testing Motion of Wrist Flexion/Extension

- Patient flexes or extends wrist to end range of motion

- Palpate wrist flexors/extensors

- Hold position and measure difference

What are the normative values for wrist flexion?

80-90 degrees

What are the normative values for wrist extension?

70-90 degrees

Patient position for wrist flexion/extension

Seated with forearm pronated and supported on table

- Wrist hanging off edge of table

Where is the goniometer placed during wrist ulnar deviation?

Stationary arm: bisect dorsal midline of forearm, reference lateral epicondyle

Axis of rotation: capitate

Movement arm: dorsal midline of third metacarpal

What are the normative values for wrist ulnar deviation?

30-45 degrees

Testing Motion for Wrist Ulnar Deviation/Radial Deviation

- Patient ulnarly/radially deviates end range of motion

- Palpate wrist ulnar/radial deviators

What are the normative values for wrist radial deviation?

15-20 degrees

Patient position for wrist ulnar/radial deviation

Seated with shoulder abducted and elbow flexed to 90 degrees

- Forearm pronated and supported on table