Nutrition, Fluids and Electrolytes, Elimination

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on nutrition, fluids, and electrolytes, with a focus on their implications in health and treatment.

What are the signs and symptoms to monitor for major electrolytes?

Know signs and symptoms of the highs and lows of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium.

Which electrolyte is important for bone health and osteoporosis?

Calcium is critical for bone health and osteoporosis prevention.

What labs should be monitored after neck surgery and removal of the parathyroid gland?

Monitor calcium levels and PTH (parathyroid hormone) levels.

What is the role of protein in wound healing?

Protein is essential for the repair and regeneration of tissue during wound healing.

How do you calculate BMI?

BMI is calculated using the formula: weight (kg) / height (m^2).

What are water soluble vs fat soluble vitamins?

Water soluble vitamins are vitamins that dissolve in water (e.g., B and C). Fat soluble vitamins are vitamins that dissolve in fats (e.g., A, D, E, K).

Which fat soluble vitamin has a role in blood clotting?

Vitamin K has a crucial role in blood clotting.

What are the food sources of thiamine (B1)?

Food sources include whole grains, meat (especially pork), and fish.

What are the causes, manifestations, and treatment of Fluid Volume Excess (FVE)?

Causes include excessive fluid intake; symptoms include edema and shortness of breath; treatment includes diuretics and fluid restriction.

What is iron deficiency anemia?

A condition caused by insufficient iron leading to reduced hemoglobin production.

What are the food sources for iron?

Food sources include red meat, beans, lentils, and fortified cereals.

What are the causes, manifestations, and treatment of Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD)?

Causes include dehydration and excessive fluid loss; symptoms include dry mucous membranes and low blood pressure; treatment includes fluid replacement.

What are the types of urinary incontinence?

Types include stress incontinence, urge incontinence, overflow incontinence, and functional incontinence.

What is urinary retention and how is post-void residual significant?

Urinary retention is the inability to empty the bladder completely; post-void residual is measured to assess for retention.

What are the risks and interventions for diarrhea?

Risks include dehydration; interventions include rehydration and diet adjustments.

What are the risks and interventions for constipation?

Risks include bowel obstruction; interventions include increased fiber intake and hydration.