Spanish Grammar Review Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering key Spanish grammar topics including reflexive/reciprocal verbs, stem changers, subjunctive formulas, past tenses, present perfect, and future expressions.

Reflexive Verbs (Verbos Reflexivos)

Verbs used when the subject of the sentence performs and receives the action of the verb.

Reciprocal Verbs (Verbos Recíprocos)

Verbs used to express actions that two or more subjects perform on each other.

Difference Between Reflexive and Reciprocal Verbs

Reflexive actions are performed by a subject onto itself, whereas reciprocal actions are performed mutually between two or more subjects.

Stem-Changing Verbs

Verbs whose stem vowel undergoes a predictable spelling change in certain present tense conjugations.

e to ie Stem Changers

A category of stem-changing verbs where the stem vowel 'e' changes to 'ie' in present tense forms (except nosotros/vosotros).

e to i Stem Changers

A category of stem-changing verbs where the stem vowel 'e' changes to 'i' in present tense forms (except nosotros/vosotros).

o to ue Stem Changers

A category of stem-changing verbs where the stem vowel 'o' changes to 'ue' in present tense forms (except nosotros/vosotros).

u to ue Stem Changers

A category of stem-changing verbs (such as jugar) where the stem vowel 'u' changes to 'ue'.

Yo-Form Irregular Verbs

Verbs that undergo a unique spelling change or addition specifically in the first-person singular (Yo) present tense form.

Present Subjunctive Formula

The formulaic procedure used to form present subjunctive conjugations from the 'Yo' form of the present indicative.

Imperfect Subjunctive Formula

The formulaic procedure used to conjugate verbs into the past (imperfect) subjunctive mood.

Preterite vs. Imperfect

The two main Spanish past tenses used to distinguish completed actions from ongoing, background, or habitual past actions.

Present Perfect Tense

A compound tense consisting of an auxiliary verb and a past participle used to describe past actions connected to the present.

Auxiliary Verb in Present Perfect

The conjugated form of the helper verb 'haber' used before a past participle to create the present perfect tense.

Future Tense Expressions

Grammatical structures and verb tenses used to communicate upcoming actions or events.