Quiz Lab Chapter 2: Microscope and Cell Review

Vocabulary flashcards generated from the Quiz Lab Chapter 2 review on microscopes, cell organelles, DNA structure, and mitosis.

Objective Lens Image

The real image of the specimen produced by the objective lens of a microscope.

Eyepiece Lens Image

The virtual image of the specimen produced by the eyepiece (ocular) lens.

Total Magnification

The overall magnification achieved by multiplying the ocular lens magnification strength by the specific objective lens magnification strength.

Microscopic Image Inversion

The orientation change seen under a compound light microscope where an image appears upside down and flipped backwards relative to the naked eye.

Microscopic Directional Movement

The movement of a microscope slide relative to the specimen's motion in the field of vision, which always occurs in the opposite direction.

Chromatin and Chromosomes

Cellular structures composed of DNA and proteins.

Mitochondrion

The organelle that synthesizes ATP.

Nucleus

The organelle that contains chromatin.

Ribosome

An organelle made of two combined subunits that acts as the workbench for synthesizing proteins.

Golgi Apparatus

An organelle made of a stacked series of smooth membrane sacs and vesicles that modifies and packages newly synthesized proteins.

Nitrogenous Bases of DNA

The four chemical bases found in DNA: Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine.

Nucleotide Building Blocks

The three structural units that make up a nucleotide: a phosphate group, a 5-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

Mitosis Phases

The sequential stages of somatic cell nuclear division: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Light Microscope

A microscope that is adequate for looking at the overall shape and appearance of cells.

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

A microscope best suited for observing detailed features on the outside surface of a cell.

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

A microscope best suited for observing internal organelles of a cell.