Bio 1107 Final Vocab

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Biology

Evolution

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37 Terms

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Prezygotic Isolations
behavioral, mechanical, gametic, temporal, ecological, and geographical
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Postzygotic
sterility and inviability
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Sterility
offspring survive but are sterile (mule)
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Inviability
offspring die immediately
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Behavioral
different mating behaviors (peacocks flashing feathers vs screaming)
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Mechanical
parts are incompatible uglies don’t bump
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Gametic
gametes don’t match or recognize each other
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Temporal
different mating seasons
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Ecological
different environments (lions in grassland, tigers in jungles)
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Geographical
physical barriers (mountains or rivers)
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Biological concept
identified by species
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Morphological concept
based on looks
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Ecological concept
adapted to certain environment
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Phylogenetic concept
common ancestor
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What does p equal
A (genotype)
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What does q equal
a (genotype)
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What does p squared equal
AA (phenotype)
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What does q squared equal
aa (phenotype)
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What does 2pq equal
Aa
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What are the mechanisms
mutation, gene flow, gene drift, and selection
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Mutation
original source of genetic variation and can create new alleles
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Gene Flow
movement of alleles in and out (creates new alleles)
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Genetic Drift
drastic change of allele frequency due to random events (gamete sampling or natural disasters)
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Hardy Weinberg requirements
no mutation, random mating, migration, and yes large population
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Evolution
change in allele frequencies in a population over time
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Types of Genetic drift
Founder’s effect and Bottle neck
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Founder’s Effect
something new introduced to the population and changes frequencies
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Bottleneck Effect
frequencies change due to severe population loss
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Types of selection
sexual, artificial, and natural
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sexual selection
attraction “you’re sexy let’s bump uglies”
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artificial selection
humans
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Natural selection
it just happens
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Types of natural selections
stabilizing, disruptive, directional
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stabilizing
intermediate trait (birds can have 1-7 eggs and bird always lays 4 eggs)
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Disruptive
Two extreme traits
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Directional
one extreme trait (bird either lays 2 eggs or 12 eggs)
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Can inbreeding by itself cause evolution
no