Assessing Data Practice Flashcards

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers key concepts from Chapter 2: Assessing Data, including the distinctions between stories and facts, definitions for statistical variables, and the principles of trial assessments.

Story

An account of experiences or events presented by someone which may contain disproportionate weightage in favor of or against an idea and can vary based on individual experience.

Fact

Something that has occurred or occurs; a truth that has happened or continues to happen in the universe and is generally used to derive a conclusion.

Trial assessment

A set of steps executed to support, reject, or confirm an assumption, often referred to as an experiment.

Correlation

In statistics, describes the direction of a relationship where the values of two or more variables alter so that the rise or fall in one is either directly or inversely proportional to the other.

Causation

A relationship showing that one event's occurrence originates from another event's occurrence, demonstrating a cause-and-effect link.

Treatment variable

The procedure variable in an experiment, generally considered an independent variable.

Response variable

The dependent variable in an experiment that is measured to see the effect of the treatment variable.

Experiment

A supervised study in which a researcher tries to understand the cause and effect relationship between treatment and response variables.

Perception of time assessment

The study of a person's subjective experience of time duration within an ongoing event, which can alter significantly depending on the individual and circumstances.

Categorical variables

Variables such as "Growth Bag" ($1$, $2$, $3$, or $4$) and "Treatment" ($1$-Light, $2$-Mixed, or $3$-Dark) used to classify observations into distinct groups.

Quantitative variable

A variable that measures a numerical quantity, such as "length" measured in millimeters ($mm$).

Missing values

Values recorded as "x" for instances where a data point could not be collected, such as seeds that did not germinate during the experiment.

Rejumbling

A manual or technological simulation process where measurements are shuffled and redistributed into groups to determine if observed differences in mean are due to chance.

Standard Deviation

A statistical measure included in treatment summaries (e.g., $5.03$ for Treatment $1$-Light) to describe the spread of data points around the mean.