Brain Structures and Nerves

Is the Olfactory Nerve sensory, motor, or both?

Sensory

What is the function of the Olfactory Nerve?

Sensation of Smell

If the Olfactory Nerve is damaged, what types of symptoms would occur?

Inability to smell/Distortion of Smell

Is the Optic Nerve Sensory, Motor, or Both?

Sensory

What is the Function of the Optic Nerve?

Sensation of Vision

If damage occurs to your Optic Nerve, what symptoms would occur?

Prevents visual information from being sent from the associated eye

Is the oculomotor nerve sensory, motor, or both?

Motor

What is the function of the oculomotor nerve?

Controls eye movement/pupil constriction/eye focus

If damage occurs to the Oculomotor Nerve, what symptoms would occur?

Double Vision

Is the trochlear nerve sensory, motor, or both?

motor

What is the function of the trochlear nerve?

Controls up + down eye movement/stops eye from involuntary movement

If the Trochlear nerve is damaged, what symptoms would occur?

Double Vision/Trouble looking down

Is the trigeminal nerve sensory, motor, or both?

Both (Sensory & Motor)

What is the function of the trigeminal nerve? (Name both a sensory and a motor function)

Sensory: Sensations of touch/pain for face

Motor: Controls chewing muscles

Is the Abducens Nerve motor, sensory, or both?

Motor

What is the function of the Abducens Nerve?

Controls side to side eye movement

Is the facial nerve sensory, motor, or both?

Both (Sensory & Motor)

What is the function of the Facial Nerve? (Name both a sensory & motor function)

Sensory: Sensation of taste for front 2/3rds of the tongue

Motor: Controls Muscles involved in making various facial expressions

Is the Vestibulocochlear Nerve motor, sensory, or both?

Sensory

What is the function of the Vestibulocochlear Nerve?

Hearing/Sense of balance (Coordination)

Is the glossopharyngeal nerve sensory, motor, or both?

Both (Sensory & Motor)

What is the function of the glossopharyngeal nerve? (Name a sensory and motor function)

Sensory: Sensation of taste for the back 1/3rd of the tongue

Motor: Controls muscles of the mouth, throat and some parts of the tongue

Is the vagus nerve sensory, motor, or both?

Both (Sensory & Motor)

What is the function of the Vagus Nerve? (Name both a sensory and a motor function)

Sensory: touch/sensation from the neck, throat and viscera

Motor: Automatic system regulation

Is the spinal accessory nerve sensory, motor, or both?

Motor

What is the function of the spinal accessory nerve?

controls muscles of the neck and shoulders, allowing head to move

Is the hypoglossal nerve sensory, motor, or both?

Motor

What is the function of the hypoglossal nerve?

Controls muscles of the tongue

Dura Mater

The toughest outermost layer, keeps the CNS in place

Arachnid Mater

Middle membrane layer, acts as a cushion

Pia Mater

Innermost Layer, separates CNS from CSF

Olfactory Bulb

Receives input from the olfactory receptors

Olfactory Tract

Axons relay input from olfactory bulbs to areas on the cerebral cortex

Pituitary Gland

Releases hormones related to homeostasis

Optic Chiasm

Region where some optic fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain

Frontal Lobe

Has the prefrontal cortex and the primary motor cortex

Parietal Lobe

Primary somatosensory Cortex

Temporal Lobe

Primary Auditory Cortex and has the fusiform gyrus

Occipital Lobe

Vision/damage results in blindness

Superior Colliculus

Processes simple visual information and eye muscle movement

Inferior Colliculus

Processes simple auditory information

Cerebral Penduncles

Motor system fibers from the cerebral cortex that project to the brain stem and spinal cord

Cerebellum

Coordinated Motor function

Pons

Relays sensory motor information between cerebellum and cerebrum/breathing control

Medulla

Controls automatic functions like breathing and blood pressure

What is the name of the structure associate with the pink pin?

Pituitary Gland

What is the function of the structure associated with the pink pin?

Release hormones / Plays a role in homeostasis

What is the name of the structure associated with the yellow pin?

Optic Chiasm

What is the function of the structure associated with the yellow pin?

Region where Optic nerve fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain

What is the name of the nerve associated with the blue pin?

Optic Nerve

Is the nerve associated with the blue pin sensory, motor, or both?

Sensory

What is the function of the nerve associated with the blue pin?

Sensation of Vision

Damage to the nerve associated with the blue pin would cause what kind of symptoms?

Issues Seeing

What is the name of the structure associated with the red pin?

Cerebral Penducles

What is the function of the structure associated with the red pin?

Motor system fibers from the cerebral cortex that project to the brain stem and areas of the spinal cord

What is the name of the nerve associated with the white pin?

Trigeminal Nerve

Is the nerve associated with the white pin sensory, motor, or both?

Both

What is the function of the nerve associated with the white pin? (Name both a motor and sensory function)

Motor: Controls chewing muscles

Sensory: sensations of touch /pain for face

What is the name of the structure associated with the red pin?

Medial Longitudinal Fissure

What is the function of the structure associated with the red pin?

Structural Support

What is the name of the structure associated with the white pin?

Cerebellum

What are the functions of the structure associated with the white pin?

Coordinated Motor Function

Damage to the structure associated with the white pin would cause what kind of symptoms?

Issue with motor functioning

What is the name of the membrane associated with the blue pin?

Dura Mater

What is the name of the nerve associated with the white pins?

Olfactory Nerve

What is the function of the nerve associated with the white pin?

Sensation of smell

Is the nerve associated with the white pin sensory, motor, or both?

Sensory

Damage to the nerve that’s associated with the white pin would cause what symptoms?

Inability to smell

What is the name of the structure associated with the black pin?

Pons

What is the function of the structure associated with the black pin?

Relays sensory and motor information from the cerebellum to cerebrum

What is the name of the structure associated with the green pin?

Temporal Lobe

What are two functions of the structure associated with the green pin?

Learning and Memory, and also contains primary audio cortex

What is the name of the nerve associated with the blue pin?

Oculomotor Nerve

Is the nerve associated with the blue pin sensory, motor, or both?

Motor

What is the function of the nerve associated with the blue pin?

Controls eye movement, pupil constriction and eye focus

Damage to the nerve associated with the blue pin would cause what type of symptoms?

Issues with pupil constriction

What is the name of the structure associated with the yellow pin?

Frontal Lobe

What are two functions of the structure associated with the yellow pin?

Prefrontal cortex and Primary Motor cortex

What is the name of the structure associated with the pink pins?

Occipital Lobe

What is the function of the structure associated with the pink pins?

Vision

If the structure associated with the pink pins were damaged, what symptoms would occur?

Blindness

What is the name of the structure associated with the green pin?

Parietal Lobe

What is the function of the structure associated with the green pin?

Somatic Sensation and spatial Orientation

What is the name of the nerve associated with the yellow pin?

Abducens Nerve

Is the nerve associated with the yellow pin sensory, motor, or both?

Motor

What is the function of the nerve associated with the yellow pin?

Controls side-to-side eye movement

What is the name of the nerve associated with the black pin?

Spinal Accessory Nerve

Is the nerve associated with the black pin motor, sensory, or both?

Motor

What is the function of the nerve associated with the black pin?

Controls muscles of the shoulder and neck allowing the head to move

Damage to the nerve associated with the black pin would cause what type of symptoms?

Issues moving neck and head

What is the name of the structure associated with the yellow pin?

Superior Colliculus

What is the function of the structure associated with the yellow pin?

Processes simple visual information

What is the name of the structure associated with the black pin?

Inferior Colliculus

What is the function of the structure associated with the black pin?

Processing simple auditory stimuli

What is the name of the nerve associated with the black pin?

Trochlear Nerve

Is the nerve associated with the black pin sensory, motor, or both?

Motor

What is the function of the nerve associated with the black pin?

Controls up-down eye movement

If damage occurs to the nerve associated with the black pin, what symptoms would occur?

Double Vision

What is the name of the structure associated with the red pin?

Medulla