Manifest Destiny and the Civil War Tensions

Manifest Destiny

Belief in US expansion from coast to coast.

Dred Scott v. Sanford

1857 ruling denying citizenship to African Americans.

Enslaved people as property

Supreme Court classified enslaved individuals as property.

Abraham Lincoln's election

1860 election led to Southern states' secession.

Northern advantages

Larger population and more manufacturing resources.

Southern advantages

Defensive war strategy and superior leadership.

Emancipation Proclamation

Shifted Civil War focus to ending slavery.

What overturned Dred Scott?

14th amendment

13th Amendment

ended slavery (FREE)

14th Amendment

Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws (CITIZENS)

15th Amendment

suffrage for all men (VOTE)

Black Codes

Jim Crow Laws; segregation and restricted rights of African Americans

How did the South limit the voting rights of African Americans after Reconstruction?

poll taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clause

Sharecropping

A system used on southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops.

Homestead Act

1862 - Provided free land in the West to anyone willing to settle there and develop it. Encouraged westward migration.

Compromise of 1877

Removed military from South

Freedmen's Bureau

Organization run by the army to care for and protect southern Blacks after the Civil War (EDUCATION)

Dawes Act

1887 law which gave all Native American males 160 acres to farm and also set up schools to make Native American children more like other Americans