Pharm Quiz 1 - Ch 1, 2, 3

Treatments in the history of pharmacology?

Plants, Minerals, Animal Products

Chinese contributions to pharm?

The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic (Document on yin-yang and acupuncture) and the manual on pharmacy (365 meds).

Egypt contribution to pharm?

Ebers Papyrus (700 herbal remedies/medical treatments) + Al-Hawi

Pharm Advance in the 1800s?

Ability to isolate active chemicals

Pharm advances in the 1900s?

Prepping medicine

WW2 contribution to pharm?

Mass production of medication began (such as penicillin)

Second half of the 20th century (1900s)?

Pharm advanced rapidly/synthesized meds

Pharmacogenetics

Patient’s genetic material is analyzed to figure out best drug and dosage. Used in treatment of HIV and rheumatoid arthritis

Plants as a source of drugs?

Active components extracted; examples are digoxin, hrt, novocain

Animals as a source of drugs?

Sheep (lanolin), cows/pigs (hrt, insulin, heparin), horses (estrogen)

Ex of minerals?

Calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium, copper, potassium, iodine, magnesium sulfate.

Curative drugs?

Restore function

Prophylactic Drugs

Prevention

Pallative

Make a pt more comfortable

Destructive

destroy tumors and microbes

The drug cycle?

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion

Absorption?

Substance moving from admin site to the bloodstream

Distribution

Delivery of a drug to the site in need after it has been absorbed thru the bloodstream

Barriers to distribution?

Blood-brain, blood-testicular, Blood placental

Metabolism AKA biotransformation

Medication is gradually transformed to less active or inactive form (metabolite)

Organs responsible for metabolism?

Liver, Kidneys, Intestines

Excretion

Process which waste products are removed from the body

Med Admin Pt. Rights?

Right patient, right drug, right dose, right time, right route, right technique, right documentation

How does smoking affect med administration?

Causes liver enzymes to metabolize drugs faster, resulting in a need for larger doses.

Are fat soluble or water soluble meds more likely to cross blood-placental barrier?

Fat