Film Exam FMS 100

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Last updated 7:29 PM on 9/18/23
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165 Terms

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Cinematographer

Responsible for lighting, framing & capturing images for film

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Cinematography
Movement + Writing
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Cinematographer
Responsible for lighting, framing & capturing images for film
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Properties of a Shot
Framing, depth, movement
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Short-Focal-Length
Stretches Depth, Creates Distance
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Wide angle lens
Stretches Depth, Creates Distance
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Long-Focal-Length
Compresses Depth, Creates Closeness
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Telephoto
Compresses Depth, Creates Closeness
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Middle-Focal-Length
Approximates Human Eye/Perception
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Aspect Ratio
The relationship of width to height in a picture
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1.375:1
Academy ratio
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1.85:1
Modern ratio
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4:3
Classic TV
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16:9
Modern TV
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Masking
Blocking certain parts of the image in frame
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Extreme Long Shot
an entire environment with the character/s very small
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Long Shot
full body shot and some of environment
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Medium Long Shot
Roughly ¾ view of body
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Medium Shot
waist up
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Medium Close Up
Head & Shoulders
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Close Up
face
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Extreme Close Up
one feature, detail, or object fills the screen
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Eye Level
shows the subject as seen in real life through human eyes
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High Angle
camera is above the subject
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Low angle
Camera looks up at subject
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Birds eye
An aerial view of a shot
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Dutch angle
Tilted sideways
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Depth
how far back you can see
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Deep focus
when the foreground and background are equally in focus
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Pan
camera moves side to side horizontally
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tilt
camera moves up or down
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Dolly Tracking
The camera is on a track that allows it to move with the action
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Dolly Zoom/Zolly
dollying in the opposite direction of a zoom
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Rack Focus
Changing focus from one object to another
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Slow Motion
Recorded at higher frame rate then slowed down
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Long Take
a shot of long duration
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Open Framing
World where characters can move freely beyond the frame
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Closed framing
Characters cannot move freely, trapped by frame
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Denotation
A formal (technical/stylistic) choice.
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Connotation
The idea that a particular choice communicates
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Production Design
setting, props, costumes, etc.
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Production Designer:
Responsible for overall look of film
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Mise en scene
Arrangement of elements before the camera
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Setting
the environment that the characters inhabit
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On location
filming in a real life place
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On set
shot in production studios where everything is built/fake
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Decor
interior decoration, wallpaper, furniture
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Props
items that the characters manipulate
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Costume
clothing worn by an actor
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Makeup
prosthetic and other products used to change/enhance actors' appearances
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Hairstyle
the way actors' hair is cut and arranged
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4 Elements of Mise-en-scène
1. Production Design (setting, props, costumes, etc.)
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2. Lighting
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3. Shot Composition
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4. Movement
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Key Lighting
Generally illuminates object
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Back Lighting
Helps bring out object from background
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Fill Lighting
Helps minimize shadow
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High key lighting
Bright & even lighting
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Low key lighting
Deep shadows & uneven lighting
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Hard lighting
High contrast, hard edges, distinctive shadow
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Soft lighting
Diffused, low-contrast, reduces shadows
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Backlighting
subject is thrown into silhouette
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Halloween lighting
Lighting from underneath a character
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Top lighting
light cast on a character from above
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frontal lighting
light is aimed from the same angle as the camera, eliminating shadows
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Composition
Organization, distribution, balance in shot
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Rule of Thirds
divides the frame into 9 sections
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Compositional Stress/Tensio
Breaking the rule of 3rds
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Lead room
space for moving character on opposite side of frame
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Eye room
character looks toward something, leads audience's eye
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Negative Space
space without much to look at
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Depth
how deep and how sharp the background is
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Deep space composition
emphasizes depth by placing important info on two or more planes of depth
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Body Positions
ways that actors are posed to convey relationships and emotions
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Full Front View
character connected w/ viewer
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Quarter Turn
most comfortable
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Profile
character viewed from side
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Three-Quarter Turn
somewhat disconnected from audience
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Back View
disconnected from viewer
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Actor Blocking
Arrangement & movement of actors in relation to one another
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Social Blocking
Accentuates relationships between characters
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Graphic Blocking
Accentuates visual patterns/atmosphere
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Open form
realistic, Natural depth, light, scale, design elements secondary to character
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Closed form
Highly stylized, Unnatural/exaggerated, design elements call attention
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Realism
Naturalistic performances/dialogue, More modest sets/settings
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Formalism
Stylized performances/dialog, Elaborate & stylized sets/settings, jarring composition
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Classical
Less showy and stylized than formalism, eye-level & comfortable medium shots, high key/even lighting
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Narrative
arranges events in a cause and effect sequence which unfolds over time
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Narration
Act of telling the story
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Narrator
Who or what tells the story
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First-Person Narrator
In the story
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Voice-Over Narration
describing the story; characters can't hear
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Direct-Address Narration
speaking directly to the audience (4th wall break)
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Third-Person Narration
Outside the story
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Omniscient
knows everything
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Restricted
limited to one character's POV/knowledge
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Flat characters
Less complex traits, don't change over the story
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Round characters
More complex traits, change over the story
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Protagonist
the focus of the story, the one who wants to achieve a goal