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Vocabulary flashcards covering agribusiness marketing concepts, the value proposition, utility creation, barriers to satisfaction, marketing functions, evolution of marketing orientations, and business planning.
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Ownership Separation
A barrier to consumer satisfaction involving the inability to transfer ownership of a product.
Time Separation
A barrier to consumer satisfaction occurring when a product is not available at the time it is desired.
Space Separation
A barrier to consumer satisfaction occurring when a product is not in the location where consumers need it.
Value Separation
A barrier to consumer satisfaction occurring when a product is not in the form consumers desire.
Information Separation
A barrier to consumer satisfaction resulting from a lack of information about the product.
Buying Function
A marketing function that helps overcome ownership separation by acquiring ownership of goods.
Selling Function
A marketing function that helps overcome ownership separation by transferring ownership of goods to buyers.
Storage Function
A marketing function that overcomes time separation by holding products until consumers desire them.
Transportation Function
A marketing function that overcomes space separation by moving products to where consumers need them.
Processing Function
A marketing function that overcomes value separation by converting products into the form consumers desire.
Grades and Standards Function
A marketing function that overcomes information separation by establishing uniform classifications and descriptions for products.
Financing Function
A marketing function that helps overcome value, time, and space separation by providing funds required to carry out marketing activities.
Risk-taking Function
A marketing function that helps overcome time separation by bearing the losses associated with holding products over time.
Market Information Function
A marketing function that overcomes information separation by collecting and distributing information needed to plan and execute marketing activities.
Form Utility
The satisfaction created by changing the physical state or form of a product to match consumer preferences.
Place Utility
The satisfaction created by making a product available at a convenient location for the consumer.
Time Utility
The satisfaction created by making a product available when consumers want it.
Possession Utility
The satisfaction created by facilitating the legal transfer of ownership of a product to the consumer.
Production Orientation
A historical approach used when demand exceeded supply, focusing on increasing output, lowering costs, and efficiently moving products to consumers.
Product Orientation
An approach where firms emphasized improving quality and product features under the assumption that consumers would value these improvements.
Selling Orientation
An approach adopted when production capacity exceeded demand, leading firms to rely heavily on aggressive selling and sales pressure.
Marketing Orientation
A modern marketing approach that begins with the consumer, identifying customer desires first and then developing products to deliver the desired value proposition.
Value Proposition
A clear statement explaining what benefit/utility a product provides, for whom (target customer), and how it is different or better than competitors.
Relevance (in Value Proposition)
An element of a strong value proposition explaining how a product or service solves a specific problem for customers.
Differentiation
An element of a value proposition that highlights what makes a firm's offer unique compared to its competitors.
Consumer Sovereignty
The concept that satisfying consumer needs is the primary driving force behind all business decisions across every functional area of a firm.
Firm's Purpose
A clear, concise statement in a business plan that defines 'the what'—the specific consumer needs the firm intends to meet.
Firm's Objective
A clear, concise statement in a business plan that defines 'the how'—how the firm will gain a competitive edge and accomplish its purpose.
Strategic Planning
A process performed by existing businesses that analyzes business lines to decide which to expand, terminate, or add, matching opportunities with the firm's resource base.
Company Values
The principles and beliefs that guide how a company operates and makes decisions, such as honesty, sustainability, customer service, or innovation.

The Business Planning Process
The structural flow combining company values and customer needs to define the firm's purpose and objective, guiding the marketing plan, financial objectives, and operating subplans.
Product Positioning
A marketing strategy defining how a product is perceived in the minds of target customers relative to competing products to create a unique image and identity.

The Four Ps of Marketing Mix
The controllable marketing decision variables consisting of Product, Price, Place, and Promotion centered around a target market.