International Human Rights and Justice Case Studies

Vocabulary flashcards based on various international human rights and justice case studies.

FGM

Female Genital Mutilation: Involves the partial or total removal of external female genitalia, violating women’s and girls’ rights to health, security, and physical integrity.

Treaty of Waitangi

The 1840 treaty serving as the legal foundation for Maori claims in New Zealand, aiming to restore land rights, language, and political representation.

Rohingya Crisis

Refers to the persecution, statelessness, and forced displacement of the Rohingya, a Muslim minority in Myanmar.

Honour Killings

Killings of individuals, mostly women, for alleged dishonor to their family or community, violating basic rights to life and equality.

ICC and Sudan (Darfur Conflict)

The International Criminal Court's involvement in prosecuting genocide and crimes against humanity in the Darfur conflict, including issuing arrest warrants for Sudanese leaders.

Colombia’s JEP

Special Jurisdiction for Peace: A transitional justice body created after the 2016 peace deal between the Colombian government and FARC rebels, seeking truth, reparations, and accountability.

Overturning Roe v. Wade

The 2022 US Supreme Court decision that ended federal protection of abortion rights, raising global debates about reproductive rights and privacy.

India’s CAA

Citizenship Amendment Act: Allows non-Muslim immigrants from neighboring countries to gain Indian citizenship, but faces criticism for violating secularism and discriminating based on religion.

Hong Kong National Security Law

Law imposed by China in 2020 to criminalize acts of secession, subversion, terrorism, and collusion with foreign forces, seen as dismantling civil liberties.

Nunavut

A territory in Canada established in 1999 with a majority Inuit population and self-governance powers, recognizing Indigenous self-determination.

UN, ICC, ICJ

Institutions that enforce, monitor, and promote compliance with international human rights and justice standards.

Syria’s Civil War

Conflict since 2011 that has caused over 500,000 deaths and millions displaced, marked by war crimes and struggling international justice mechanisms.

South China Sea Dispute

Overlapping claims by China, the Philippines, Vietnam, and others in the South China Sea, highlighting limits of international maritime law enforcement.

Libya Conflict

Factional violence following Gaddafi’s fall, with two rival governments and widespread militia activity, resulting in ongoing human rights abuses and elusive justice.

Myanmar Coup (2021)

Military seizure of power, arresting elected leaders and cracking down on protests, leading to severe violations of democratic rights and freedoms.

Kashmir Conflict

Dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947, marked by insurgency, heavy militarization, and allegations of human rights abuses, with unresolved self-determination.

Pakistan (Blasphemy Laws)

Harsh penalties, including death, for blasphemy, often misused for personal or political motives, raising concerns over freedom of religion and expression.