Lecture 24 - Thermodynamics

These flashcards cover key concepts from Lecture 24 on thermodynamics, including standard conditions, enthalpy of formation, and practical applications of the thermite reaction.

What are the standard conditions for thermodynamics?

Pressure = 1 atm, temperature = 298K, concentration = 1 molL-1.

What does the 'o' superscript in △H indicate?

It indicates that the enthalpy change is measured under standard conditions.

What is the enthalpy of formation?

The enthalpy change when a compound is made from the stable form of its elements at standard conditions.

How can enthalpy of formation equations be used?

They can be combined to calculate enthalpies that haven't or can't be measured.

What is the purpose of the thermite reaction?

It is used to weld railroad tracks in the absence of electricity.

In what other application is a variant of the thermite reaction used?

As an igniter/catalyst in solid fuel for rockets.

How does the energy output of the Artemis rocket's solid fuel compare to the thermite reaction?

The Artemis rocket's solid fuel produces more energy compared to the thermite reaction.

What factors are important for fuel efficiency when transporting fuel?

Energy per gram and per litre of fuel.

In terms of hydrocarbons, how can fuel efficiency be evaluated?

By the energy per mole of CO2 produced, to reduce greenhouse gases.