Biology 112 UMKC exam 1

A main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the

larger size of prokaryotes.

lack of pigmentation in eukaryotes.

presence of a nucleus in eukaryotes.

presence of a cell wall in prokaryotes.

presence of a nucleus in eukaryotes.

Which of the following is a eukaryote?

virus

archaeon

bacterium

protozoan

prion

protozoan

Which of the following microorganisms is strictly multicellular?

archaea

fungi

bacteria

helminths

protozoa

helminths

A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is neither harmed nor helped is known as

mutualism.

parasitism.

commensalism.

opportunism.

commensalism.

What is the correct order of taxonomical categories?

kingdom, domain, order, family, genus, class, species, phylum

genus, species, kingdom, phylum, domain, class, order, family

order, phylum, domain, genus, family species, kingdom, class

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Abiogenesis refers to the

germ theory of disease.

development of aseptic technique.

development of life forms from preexisting life forms.

spontaneous generation of organisms from nonliving matter.

spontaneous generation of organisms from nonliving matter.

All of the following pertain carbon-14 EXCEPT it

has 6 protons.

has 6 electrons.

has 14 neutrons.

is an isotope of carbon.

has a mass number of 14.

has 14 neutrons.

Polar molecules are composed of covalently-bonded

identical atoms.

carbon atoms.

ions.

atoms of different electronegativity.

atoms of identical electronegativity.

atoms of different electronegativity.

The weak, attractive force between water molecules is due to

hydrogen bonds.

covalent bonds.

ionic bonds.

peptide bonds.

glycosidic bonds.

hydrogen bonds.

How many times more acidic is a solution with a pH of 3 than a solution with a pH of 6?

3

10

1000

36

63

1000

A monosaccharide with 5 carbon atoms will have ______ hydrogen atoms and ______ oxygen atoms.

10; 5

5; 10

5; 5

10; 10

2; 1

10; 5

All of the following are monosaccharides EXCEPT

glucose.

glycogen.

fructose.

ribose.

deoxyribose.

glycogen.

Which of the following would have glycosidic bonds?

triglycerides

monosaccharides

polypeptides

polysaccharides

DNA

polysaccharides

All of the following are lipids EXCEPT

cholesterol.

starch.

phospholipid.

triglyceride.

fatty acids.

starch.

An amino acid contains all of the following EXCEPT

an amino group.

a carboxyl group.

a variable R group.

a carbon atom.

a nitrogenous base.

a nitrogenous base.

Which of the following is found in DNA but not in RNA?

ribose

adenine

thymine

uracil

nucleotides

thymine

A bacterium with flagella on both ends would be described as

atrichous.

monotrichous.

lophotrichous.

peritrichous.

amphitrichous.

amphitrichous.

The initial step in the process of many bacterial infections is adherence of the microbe to mucous membranes. The bacterial component that mediates adherence is the

lipid A.

nucleoid.

peptidoglycan.

pilus.

plasmid.

pilus.

Which of the following is NOT found in all bacterial cells?

capsule

ribosomes

nucleoid

plasma membrane

capsule

In the process of studying how bacteria cause disease, it was found that a rare mutant of a pathogenic strain of bacteria failed to form a capsule. Which statement is the most accurate in regard to the non-encapsulated mutant strain?

It was nonpathogenic primarily because it was easily phagocytosed.

It was nonpathogenic primarily because it could not invade tissue.

It was nonpathogenic primarily because it could only grow anaerobically.

It was highly pathogenic because it could secrete large amounts of exotoxin.

It was nonpathogenic primarily because it was easily phagocytosed.

Which of the following is primarily a bacterial cell wall function?

transport

motility

maintain shape

adhesion

maintain shape

Lysozyme in tears is an effective mechanism for preventing bacterial conjunctivitis (pink eye). Which bacterial structure does lysozyme degrade?

endotoxin

peptidoglycan

pilus

chromosomal DNA

plasmid DNA

peptidoglycan

The presence of mycolic acid in the cell wall characterizes bacteria that are

Gram-negative.

Gram-positive.

mycobacteria.

mycoplasmas.

L forms.

mycobacteria.

Plasma membranes are composed principally of

DNA and protein.

phospholipids and DNA.

protein and phospholipids.

carbohydrates and proteins.

protein and phospholipids.

Small, circular DNA molecules that replicate independently of the bacterial chromosome are called

nucleoids.

plasmids.

endospores.

inclusion bodies.

plasmids.

Protein synthesis is carried out by the

ribosome.

nucleus.

lysosome.

smooth ER.

Golgi apparatus.

ribosome.

The endosymbiotic theory says that precursor eukaryotic cells acquired mitochondria by endosymbiosis with a/an ______ ancestor, and others gained photosynthetic ability from endosymbiosis with a/an ______ ancestor.

protozoan, algae

archaea, cyanobacteria

rickettsia, cyanobacteria

helminth, algae

None of the choices are correct.

rickettsia, cyanobacteria

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.

True

False

True

The site for ribosomal RNA synthesis in eukaryotes is the

ribosome.

nucleolus.

nucleus.

Golgi apparatus.

lysosome.

nucleolus.

Which organelle is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs that functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion?

mitochondria

lysosomes

Golgi apparatus

chloroplasts

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi apparatus

The organelle involved in intracellular digestion of food particles is the

mitochondria

lysosomes

Golgi apparatus

chloroplasts

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

rough endoplasmic reticulum

lysosomes

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in synthesis of

glycogen.

proteins.

glucose.

nucleic acids.

lipids.

lipids.

A protein being synthesized by a cell for export would follow which pathway in the cell?

ribosome, cell membrane

ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cell membrane

ribosome, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, cell membrane

ribosome, lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cell membrane

ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cell membrane

The release of insulin after eating a meal is an example of

phagocytosis.

pinocytosis.

constitutive exocytosis.

regulated exocytosis.

regulated exocytosis.

Which organelles contain two layers of plasma membranes?

nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum

nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus

nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, chloroplasts

nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, chloroplasts

nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, chloroplasts

he cytoskeleton

anchors organelles.

provides support.

helps maintain cell shape.

functions in cellular movements.

All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.