BIO 3RD QTR 6.3-4 Other inorganic compounds and carbon dioxide

hydrogen ion

when covalent bonds break into ions when dissolved in water, hydrogen ion dissociates from water molecule, so it produces a positively charged particle called ___

hydroxide ion

when covalent bonds break into ions when dissolved in water, hydrogen ion dissociates from water molecule, so it produces a negatively charged particle called ___

ionization

process involved in spontaneous ion formation

acids

compounds that release hydrogen ions in solutions

bases

accept hydrogen ions or releases hydroxide ions

salt

• compound from combination of a positive ion other than hydrogen and a negative ion other than hydroxide

• form when acid and base reacts togehter

biological buffer

• control of pH is possible

• mixture of weak acid and its corresponding base

6.5-7.5

ph of cell

7.35-7.45

ph of human blood

acid-base pair of carbonic acid and bicarbonate

buffer of human blood

electrolytes

• compounds that can be acid, base, or salt

• either cations that move to positively charged electrodes

• anions move to negatively charged electrodes

• are lost in sweat during heavy exercise diarrhea and vomiting

• need to be replaced

• sodium chloride in blood plasma and interstitial fluid

• bicarbonate

• phosphate, sulfate, calcium, potassium

• magnesium

major electrolytes important for body

carbon dioxide

• inorganic compound to perform photosynthesis

• waste product in breakdown of organic food substances like glucose

• eliminated during respiration