Christian Scriptures Final

Matthew 17:1–8:

1. The Transfiguration of Jesus

• “His face shone like the sun, and his clothes became as white as the light”

Mark 2:1–12

1. Jesus heals and forgives a Paralyzed

• “Immediately Jesus knew in his spirit that this was what they were thinking in their hearts, and he said to them, “Why are you thinking these things?  Which is easier: to say to this paralyzed man, ‘Your sins are forgiven,’ or to say, ‘Get up, take your mat and walk’? But I want you to know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins.”

1 Corinthians 8

1. The church’s concern with food sacrifices

“Be careful, however, that the exercise of your rights does not become a stumbling block to the weak.For if someone with a weak conscience sees you, with all your knowledge, eating in an idol’s temple, won’t that person be emboldened to eat what is sacrificed to idols?”

1 Corinthians 15

1. The Resurection of Christ

• “But Christ has indeed been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep. For since death came through a man, the resurrection of the dead comes also through a man. For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive. But each in turn: Christ, the firstfruits; then, when he comes, those who belong to him. Then the end will come, when he hands over the kingdom to God the Father after he has destroyed all dominion, authority and power”.

Galatians 1, 3:23–29

Address the role of the law and the arrival of faith in Christ

Romans 14:13–15

Stop passing judgment on others.

Romans  16:1–2

Paul commends Phoebe, a church deaconess in Cenchrea, to the Christians in Rome. 

James 1:26 27

discusses the importance of controlling one's tongue and defines genuine religion.

1 Timothy 2:8–15

focuses on the proper behavior and roles of men and women within the church, emphasizing prayer, modesty, and submission to authority.

Alexander the Great

a fearless Macedonian king and military genius, who conquered vast territories from Greece to Egypt and India

Koine Greek

Includes: Greek culture, such as Greek philosophy or education, directly impacts how we understand parts of the New Test.

• was simply the common language of the Mediterranean world in the first century. As Alexander the Great conquered the “civilized world” of his time, he spread the Greek language and culture.

Herod the Great

(37 to 4 BCE), added to the Jerusalem Temple(Matthew 2:16)

• a Roman Jewish client king of the Herodian kingdom of Judea. He is known for his colossal building projects throughout Judea. Among these works is the rebuilding of the Second Temple in Jerusalem 

Pompey

A military and political leader of the late Roman Republic who conquered Jerusalem in 63 BCE.

• In Acts 28:17, Paul states he was delivered as a prisoner from Jerusalem to the Romans. This refers to Pompey's conquest of Jerusalem in 63 BC, which brought the city and Judea under Roman control. 

Josephus

The great historian of the Jewish People, becomes a Roman citizen(his sources present a bias), reconstruction eary Judisam 

Essenes

1. A Jewish sect that lived in Palestine during the time of Jesus. They are known for their strict adherence to the Jewish Law, their communal living, and their belief in a coming Messiah. 

• They had an apocalyptic view about punishment for sins and believed in a coming Messiah. 

• The Essenes strongly believed in justice and removed themselves from the general society into their own communities.

Pharisees

• The name "Pharisee" means "separated one." 

•  Pharisees separated themselves from society to study and teach the law, but they also separated themselves from the common people because they considered them religiously unclean

Zealots

were members of a first-century political movement among Judean Jews who sought to overthrow the occupying Roman government.

Messianic Secret

 Scholars have long noted that in Mark, Jesus attempts to keep his identity a secret. 

• Mark 8:27-- “And he sternly ordered them not to tell anyone about him.”

Synoptic

Refers to the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke, which share many similarities in content, wording, and order of events. 

• Greek word "synoptikos," meaning "able to be seen together" or "having a common view"

Two-source theory

A theory used to explain the synoptic problem, the similarities and differences between the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. It proposes that Matthew and Luke both used Mark as a primary source, and a second, lost document called "Q" (from German "Quelle," meaning source) as a secondary source. 

Gospel

In Greek, is euangelion, and it simply means report or good news.

Gallio inscription

Is a decree from Emperor Claudius to Gallio, encouraging him to settle the city of Delphi with influential people and help restore it. 

• the collection of nine fragments of a letters

Physiognomy

Making judgments about a person’s character based on how they look.  

Deutero-Pauline:

Meaning secondary to Paul. Documents written in Paul’s name but by another person.

Occasional

Paul’s letters are occasional; these letters were seen as more universal in scope. 

Apocalyptic

Refers to God’s cosmic intervention into the affairs of humanity, often against antithetical powers, including evil, sin, and death.   

Charis

The term for "grace," signifying God's unmerited favor and kindness

Claudius’ degree 

• Claudius Caesar, the Roman emperor, was known for his historical writings and his efforts to expand the Roman Empire

• “Since the Jews constantly made disturbances at the instigation of Chrestus, he expelled them from Rome” (Suetonius, “Claudius” 25.4)

• “ Claudius had ordered all Jews to leave Rome.” Acts 18:2

Hapax Legomenon

Is a term that refers to a word used only once. There are as many as 175 unique words in the pastoral epistles. 

Heresy

Any teaching rejected by the Christian community as contrary to the scriptures.

Disputed letters

The implication is that the remaining six letters—Ephesians, Colossians, 2 Thessalonians, 1–2 Timothy, and Titus—were authored by unnamed admirers and imitators of the apostle(paul). The implication is that the remaining six letters—Ephesians, Colossians, 2 Thessalonians, 1–2 Timothy, and Titus—were authored by unnamed admirers and imitators of the apostle Paul.

Sadducees

A prominent Jewish group, primarily composed of wealthy and influential high priests, who held power during the time of Jesus. 

• They were known for strongly opposing Jesus' teachings and their distinct theological beliefs. 

Qumranites

A Jewish sect that lived in and around the settlement of Qumran on the shores of the Dead Sea. 

• They are best known for producing the Dead Sea Scrolls.

Short Answer: What are two things you learned that you had not previously known after taking this class? How did this new information challenge you or change your opinion?

• The reality that there are plenty of flaws seen in the indidauls mentioned throughout scriptures, for the most part I used to envy how God used such amazing people and was taught growing up that on one side.

• Reading the text not other focused on our person contextes,

Short Answer: Describe a situation in which you might (or have already) use(d) knowledge from this class to deepen your relationship with God.

• The variety of translation is valuable when we learn to take the time to do deeper diving into them.

• This requires a slowing down of quiet time with the Lord, where we can unravel the context and lessons though intentional studies time.

• One of my goal this year has been focused on not ruthing through what the Lord is trying to teach me.

Define the messianic secret in Mark’s Gospel and offer two theories for the meaning behind it.

• Scholars have long noted that in Mark, Jesus attempts to keep his identity a secret.

• Mark 8:27-- “And he sternly ordered them not to tell anyone about him.”

• Jesus was avoiding perssurction from higher power, to keep identity secret, and staying away from the shame and honor culture that would have belittled the healed

Short Answer: Offer at least two theories for the social and historical setting behind the Corinthian correspondence.

• Social:

• Elites vs. Poor: The church had a mix of rich and poor, and both had trouble co-mingling

• Historical:

• Over-realized-Echatolohy: even beyond the church in Thesisalonica, the Corthinian thougn the end has arealdy arrived. Which is why they deny the future resurrection. 

• Greco-Roman Philophy(eg. Stoicism, teaching of self control that combat emotional desctruction):

• That Paul combats the popular philosophy of the stocis(eg. “I alone am rich, I alone reign as King”).

Short Answer: Explain why the introduction in Paul’s Galatians is unconventional according to expected ancient epistolary introductions.

• The original sender is identified first.

• The message of greetings was incorporated

• The people intended for were identified (to the church of Galatia)