Unit 1-3 Lecture Vocabulary Review

A comprehensive list of vocabulary terms and definitions from Unit 1: Local Environment, Unit 2: City Life, and Unit 3: Healthy Living for Teens.

local anvironment

The surroundings or conditions in which a person lives or operates within a specific local area.

suburb

An outlying district of a city, especially a residential one.

stuff

Miscellaneous items or objects.

neighbour

A person living near or next door to the speaker or person referred to.

advice

Guidance or recommendations offered with regard to prudent future action.

facility

A place, amenity, or piece of equipment provided for a particular purpose.

craft

An activity involving skill in making things by hand.

remind sbd of st

To cause someone to remember or think of something.

city centrer

The central part or main business and commercial area of a city.

police officer

A person whose job is to enforce laws, help with emergencies, and solve crimes.

garbage collector

A person employed to remove refuse from residential and commercial locations.

unique

Being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else.

shipper delivery person

An individual responsible for transporting and delivering goods to customers.

fire fighter - fireman

A person whose job is to extinguish fires.

deliver - ship

To take goods, letters, or packages to a person or destination.

artisan - craftman

A worker in a skilled trade, especially one that involves making things by hand.

electrican

A person whose job is to install and repair electrical equipment and wiring.

pottery

Pots, dishes, and other articles made of baked clay.

tourist attraction

A place of interest that tourists visit.

attract

To cause someone to have a liking for or interest in something.

attractive

Pleasing or appealing to the senses.

origin

The point or place where something begins, arises, or is derived.

original

Present or existing from the beginning; first or earliest.

conical hat

A traditional style of hat that is shaped like a cone.

skill - skilled

The ability to do something well; having the expertise to perform a task.

place of interest

A location that is interesting for people to visit, often for historical or cultural reasons.

function

An activity or purpose natural to or intended for a person or thing.

step

A measure or action, especially one of a series maintained in a process.

tradition - traditional

The transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation.

carve egg shells / wood

To cut into the surface of eggshells or wood to create a decorative shape or pattern.

speciality

A product, especially a food, that a person or region is famous for.

rubbish = garbage - trash waste - litter

Discarded items or waste material.

souvenirs

Things that are kept as a reminder of a person, place, or event.

lanterns

Lamps with a transparent case protecting the flame or electric bulb.

well known for = famous for

Recognized or liked by many people for a particular feature or achievement.

preserve

To maintain something in its original or existing state.

preservation

The action of protecting or maintaining something.

young sticky rice flakes

A traditional Vietnamese food known as "com".

technique

A way of carrying out a particular task, especially the execution or performance of an artistic work.

fragrance

A pleasant, sweet smell.

workshop

A room or building in which goods are manufactured or repaired.

shorten

To make something become shorter in length or duration.

consumer

A person who purchases goods and services for personal use.

consume

To use up a resource, such as fuel, time, or goods.

process

A series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end.

congested

So crowded with traffic or people as to hinder or prevent freedom of movement.

traffic congestion - traffic jam

A condition on transport networks that occurs as use increases, characterized by slower speeds and longer trip times.

amenities

Desirable or useful features of a building or place.

public transport

Buses, trains, and other forms of transport that are available to the public, charge set fares, and run on fixed routes.

horizontal city

A city that expands outwards across the land rather than upwards.

horizon

The line at which the earth's surface and the sky appear to meet.

vertical city

A city characterized by high-rise buildings and expansion upwards.

city council

The local government body of a city.

high income

Earning a large amount of money.

high cost of living

The high level of prices paid for everyday items like food, housing, and taxes.

standard of living

The degree of wealth and material comfort available to a person or community.

infrastructure

The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society.

sustainable

Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level.

characteristics = feature

A quality or feature that is typical of someone or something.

diverse - diversity

Showing a great deal of variety; the state of being diverse.

dense - density

Closely compacted in substance; the degree of compactness in an area.

multiple cultural

Relating to or containing several cultural or ethnic groups within a society.

multinational

Including or involving several countries or nations.

urban

In, relating to, or characteristic of a town or city.

urbanization

The process of making an area more urban or the movement of people to cities.

urbanize

To make or become urban in character.

concrete jungle

A modern city or urban area which has a high density of large, unattractive, modern buildings.

job opportunities

Chances or possibilities of being employed.

well paid job

A job that provides a high salary or wages.

exhaust fume

Gases or smoke emitted by an engine as a result of burning fuel.

vibrant

Full of energy and enthusiasm; bright and striking.

hustle and bustle

A large amount of activity and work, usually in a noisy surroundings.

slum

A squalid and overcrowded urban street or district inhabited by very poor people.

overcrowded

Filled with too many people or things.

metropolitan

Relating to a large city, its suburbs, and the surrounding area.

stress - stressful

Mental or emotional strain; causing mental or emotional stress.

skyscraper

A very tall modern building, usually in a city.

street vendor

A person who sells food or other goods on the street.

homelessness - homeless

The state of having no home; people without a home.

residential

Designed for people to live in rather than for commercial use.

rush hour

The times at the beginning and end of the working day when traffic is at its heaviest.

megacity

A very large city, typically one with a population of $over 10 million$ people.

invest - investment

To expend money with the expectation of achieving a profit; the action of investing.

shopping mall

A large building or series of connected buildings containing a variety of retail stores and restaurants.

amusement center - entertainment centre

A place providing a variety of activities for enjoyment and recreation.

cultural diversity

The existence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups within a society.

alley

A narrow passage-way between or behind buildings.

metro = subway = underground

An underground railway system in a city.

urban sprawl

The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas.

urban planning

The technical and political process concerned with the development and design of land use in an urban environment.

employment

The state of having paid work.

unemployed - out of work

Without a paid job but available to work.

sustainable development

Economic development that is conducted without depletion of natural resources.

stunning

Extremely impressive or attractive.

enhance

To intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of.

outskirt

The outer parts of a town or city.

cultural hub

A central point of cultural activity and interest.

entertainment zone

An area specifically designated for leisure and recreation activities.

healthcare

The organized provision of medical care to individuals or a community.

stuck in traffic jam

Unable to move or progress due to heavy road traffic.