NLM PRELIM

the space between the leadership skills an organization currently has and the skills it needs to provide excellent patient care.

Leadership gap*

difference between the growing demand for highly skilled nurse managers and the actual number of leaders available and prepared to fill those

Leadership gap

the framework that an aspiring nurse leader-manger uses to formulate a personal leadership and management styl

Conceptual Paradigm of Leadership and Management

- at the center of the paradigm is the GOAL

Conceptual Paradigm of Leadership and Management

around it are various factors that will help in attaining the goal

Conceptual Paradigm of Leadership and Management

the desired aim or condition toward which one is willing to work.

GOAL

Efficient and effective leadership and management are inextricably

connected

GOAL

This is usually established at the beginning of any planned undertaking

GOAL

Goal can be

Individual,Group,organization , short and long term

Are personal goals, these are usually based on one's desires in life.

Individual Goals

These can be small or what we call 'mini' goals such as what one writes in

their 'to do lists' everyday.

Individual Goals

may also refer to organizational although on a smaller scale.

Group goals

The goals usually pertain to what the group or organization desire to achieve as a group or an organization.

Group goals

Are management goals of an organization that are established to justify existence

Organizational Goals

SMARTER GOALS

Specific

Measurable

Attainable

Relevant

Time-bound

Efficient and effective

Rewarding

is a powerful process for thinkingabout the ideal future, and for

motivating oneself, the group, or

the organization to turn this

vision of the future into reality.

SMARTER GOALS

help provide the basis for accomplishing a goal.

Theories and principles

application of creative problem- solving strategies - accomplished through four (4) functions of management:

MANAGEMENT PROCESSES AND FUNCTIONS

MANAGEMENT PROCESSES AND FUNCTIONS

This is accomplished through the four functions of management:

1. Planning

2. Organizing

3. Directing

4. Controling

Leadership should both be

1. EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT LEADERSHIP

One should be able to lead at the right time and maximize one's resources to attain the goal.

1. EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT LEADERSHIP

Nurses lead patients, families, groups, committees, and organizations. This is usually done in a highly challenging and time-pressured environment.

1. EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT LEADERSHIP

The knowledge acquired from learning theories and principles of leadership and management contributes to an empowered

nurse leader and manager

Theories and principles

Pointers to the Leadership Path

1. Begin with yourself

2. Know how to lead

3. Apply it yourself

4. Evaluate your gains and reflect on the losses

5. Charge yourself

Refers toa budget that would be allocated for an undertaking

Money

7M

Manpower, money ,materials, machines,moment, manager

• refer to the functions and relationships while

• management

• refer to the agent of leadership and management

• managers

May or may not have official appointment to the position.

Leader

Vested with power and authority by the group.

Leader

Its an inability to set goals is like planning for future

Organizational Goals

Influence others toward goal setting.

Leader

Interested in risk taking and exploring new ideas.

Leader

Relates to people personally.

Leader

Feels rewarded by personal achievement

Leader

May or may not be as successful as manager

Leader

The future endeavors of the organization will surely fail unless these goals were identified at tis inception

Organizational Goals

Officially appointed.

Manager

Vested with power and authority by the organization.

Manager

May or may not have official appointment to the position.

Leader

Vested with power and authority by the group.

Leader

Implements predetermined goals, policies, rules and regulations.

Manager

Measures the risks to be taken in line with the expected results, hence, an orderly, controlled performance must be carried out.

Manager

Relates to people according to their roles

Manager

the person's ability to move other people to act

Leadership

• it is initiating and guiding and the result is

Leadership

• Leaders through their ideas and actions, show others the way

Leadership

• The most significant person in leadership is the
  —-+₱, as a leader should possess the following traits:

• LEADER

LEADER

L - Lead, Love, Learn

E - Enthusiastic, Energetic

A - Assertive, Achiever

D-Dedicated, Desirous

E-Efficient and Effective

R - Responsible and Respectful

is generally viewed as a dynamic interactive process that involves three dimensions:

1. Leader-

2. Follower-

3. Situation -

Leadership

Leadership is generally viewed as a dynamic interactive process that involves three dimensions:

1. Leader-leads the team and its members

2. Follower- Leads herself by assuming responsibilities thus influencing her own performance.

3. Situation - Real life situations/problems that each one encounters

-leads the team and its members

1. Leader

1. Leads herself by assuming responsibilities thus influencing her own performance.

1. Follower-

1. Real life situations/problems that each one encounters

1. Situation

ELEMENTS OF LEADERSHIP

• Vision

• Influence

• Power

• Authority

• Responsibility

• Accountability

Hershey and colleagues (2008) noted that leadership process is a function that includes (5)

Five interwoven Aspects:

Leader

Follower

Situation

Communication Process

Goals

• Interpersonal, emotional and social intelligence skill contributed to effective leadership (Coleman 2000)

Leader

It is essential for organizational effectiveness and success it is used as a major leadership tool in enlisting its members toward the defined objective, and focused on the constructive role of the organization within its environment.

VISION

It is essential for organizational effectiveness and success it is used as a major leadership tool in enlisting its members toward the defined objective, and focused on the constructive role of the organization within its environment.

VISION

• Interpersonal, emotional and social intelligence skill contributed to effective leadership (Coleman 2000)

Leader

• They accept/reject leader and determine the leaders personal power

Followers

• Elements such as work, demands, control systems, amount of tasks, structure, degree of interaction, amount of time available for decision making and eternal

Situation

allows the leader’s vision and message to be received by followers.

Communication

provide the basis for implementation.

Goals

• An interpersonal process of participation

• FOLLOWERSHIP

• An engagement of the follower with the leader by which the follower takes guidance and direction from the leader to accomplish group goal

• FOLLOWERSHIP

• Bennis (2004) noted that followers need (3) three things from leaders:

1. Direction

2. Trust

3. Hope

Independent and critical but passive

Alienated followers

Dependent and uncritical

Conformist followers

   - May become disruptive or threaten the organization

Alienated followers

Simply do what the leader tells them

Conformist followers

Dependent and uncritical, but active in behavior

Passive followers

The least disruptive and lowest-risk followers

Bystanders

Considered the most dangerous type to a leader

Passive followers

Observe but do not actively participate

Bystanders

Self-leaders

   - Do not require close supervision

Effective followers

Qualities of effective followers

Self-management**

2. Commitment

3. Competence and focus

4. Courage

• Provides direction to the influence process

Vision

• Provides direction to the influence process

Vision

• used as a major leadership tool in enlisting its members towards the defined objective

Vision

• There are (3) three critical components involved in making vision work: Leaders,Members, Environment

Vision

• There are (3) three critical components involved in making vision work:

• Leaders,Members, Environment

the ability to obtain followers

INFLUENCE

is a skill that can be developed and is one of the major components of the power triangle

INFLUENCE

1. Is a kind of influence where one sends direct messages to others and is able to stand up for her own rights without violating those of others.

1. Assertiveness

1. - Is where an individual makes another feel important or good before making a request.

1. Ingratiation

1. The person acts humbly or is friendly before making a request.

1. Ingratiation

1. Involves convincing someone of the merits of a detailed plan, which is usually supported by information, reasoning or logic.

1. Rationality

1. Is a hostile form of influence where an individual
   achieves the goal of influencing another person either with the threat of or the actual act of cutting off from the communication or interaction the
   other person intended to be influenced.

1. Blocking

1. -Is a collective form of influence where a person gets several co-workers to "back her up" when making a request 

1. Coalition

1. -Is a form of influence hinged on the promise of punishment in the case of non-cooperation and reward in the case of cooperation.-

Sanction

-involves offering a favor or a personal sacrifice as an incentive

1. Exchange

1. Involves obtaining support from a higher-up to push someone into action.

Upward Appeal

Is defined as the ability to efficiently and effectively exercise authority and control through personal, organizational, and social strength.

POWER

It is the ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other groups or persons

POWER

Sources of Power

Legitimate

• Reward

• Coercive

• Expert

• Information

• Referent

Is bestowed upon a leader by a given position in the hierarchy of the organization.

Legitimate power

Such power is sanctioned by titles such as director

Legitimate power

• It is the obvious and most important kind of power

Legitimate power

• Derived from the manager's ability to give rewards to subordinates for compliance with the orders or requests

Reward power