Section 3: Oral and Dental Anatomy

clinical crown

portion of tooth visible in oral cavity

anatomic crown

entire portion of crown covered by enamel

when clinical =/= anatomical crown

erupting: clinical < anatomical

gingival recession: clinical > anatomical

root

portion of tooth covered by cementum

embedded within alveolar bone

single rooted permanent teeth

all anterior teeth

mandibular premolars

maxillary second premolars

2-rooted permanent teeth

maxillary first premolars (1 buccal, 1 lingual)

mandibular molars (1 mesial, 1 distal)

3-rooted teeth

maxillary molars (1 mesiobuccal, 1 distobuccal, 1 palatal)

single rooted deciduous teeth

all anterior teeth

2-rooted deciduous teeth

mandibular molars (1 mesial, 1 distal)

3-rooted deciduous teeth

maxillary molars (1 mesiobuccal, 1 distobuccal, 1 palatal)

clinical root

portion of root embedded in jaw bone, covered by gingival tissue, not exposed in oral cavity

anatomical root

entire portion of root covered by cementum

cervix of tooth

constricted portion of tooth, where anatomic crown meets root

junction between enamel and cementum

enamel color

translucent, varies light yellow to grayish white

is enamel living

nonliving tissue

incapable of remodeling and repair

ameloblasts

specialized cells forming enamel, amelogenesis

dentin

hard connective tissue making up bulk of tooth

covered by enamel in crown part and cementum in root part

yellowish in color

is dentin living

is living tissue, responds to stimulus hot cold touch

odontoblasts

specialized cells forming dentin in dentinogenesis

cementum overlies

radicular dentin and joins enamel at cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)

yellowish in color

cementoblasts

specialized cells forming cementum

primary function of cementum

anchor tooth to bony socket

providing media for attachment of PDL fibers

pulp

only soft tissue of tooth

mesenchymal connective tissue supports dentin

where is pulp surrounded by dentin

on all sides except apical foramen and accessory pulp canal openings where its in communication with periodontal soft tissue

pulp consists of

connective tissue, nerves, blood vessels

enter pulp through apical foramen

cells, fibers, intercellular substance

pulp consists of what cells

odontoblasts, fibroblasts, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, macrophages, immunocompetent cells