General Experimental Psychology: Selecting Research Participants

Flashcards covering key concepts related to selecting research participants in experimental psychology.

Random Sampling

A method of selecting a sample in which each member of the population has an equal chance of being included.

Probability Sample

The likelihood that any individual in the population being selected can be specified.

Non-Probability Sample

The likelihood that any individual in the population being selected cannot be specified.

Margin of Error

The range within which the true population parameter is expected to fall, often expressed as a percentage.

Confidence Intervals

A range of values used to estimate the true value of a population parameter.

Stratified Random Sampling

A sampling method where the population is divided into strata and random samples are drawn from each stratum.

Simple Random Sample

Every member of the population has an equal probability of being selected.

Systematic Sampling

A sampling method where every nth individual is selected from a population.

Misgeneralization

Generalizing findings to a population that is not represented by the sample.

Convenience Sample

A type of non-probability sampling where participants are chosen based on their easy availability.

Quota Samples

A convenience sample obtained in specific proportions to reflect characteristics of the population.

Purposive Sampling

A sampling technique where researchers use judgment based on past research to select participants.

A Priori Power Analysis

A technique used to determine the necessary sample size before conducting a study.

Type I Error

When a study indicates that there is an effect when there is none.

Type II Error

When a study fails to indicate an effect that is present.