working memory model

WMM

a model of processing memory proposed by baddely and hitch suggesting that memory is not a single store but a system of multiple components of holding and processing different types of information

central executive

it has limited capacity and coordinates attention and acticivties of other components

phonological loop

deals with verbal and auditory information

phonological store ( inner era )

hold sound based information

articularity control process ( inner voice )

reherase information silently

visou spatial sketchpad

process visual and spatial information

episodic buffer

is a part of the memory that connects different information into a single memory trace

dual task technique

is when a person does two task at the same time to see how much attention or memory each one use

Baddeley & Hitch (1976) aim

to investigate if participants can use different parts of their memory at the dame time

Baddeley & Hitch (1976) sample

not specified

Baddeley & Hitch (1976) procedure

partcipants did two task at the same time in condition 1 they did two aucostic based task and in condition two one acoustic and one visual task

Baddeley & Hitch (1976) results

in the condition one when participats had to use their phonological loop in both task their ability to performance was imparied and in the second condition were participants used their phonological loop and visou spatial sketchpad , they performed significantly better

Baddeley & Hitch (1976) conclusion

this study indicates that there are several components within short term memory supporting the working memory model concept

Baddeley & Hitch (1976) strenghts

high internal valiidity / application value

Baddeley & Hitch (1976) limitations

low ecological validity / due to unspecified sample its hard to assess population validity

Landry & Bartling (2011) aim

to investigate if articularity suppression would influence recall of a written list of phonologically dissimilar letters

Landry & Bartling (2011) sample

34 undergraduate psychology students

Landry & Bartling (2011) procedure

Participants were randomly allocated to one of two conditions:

• Experimental condition: participants had to repeat the numbers “1” and “2” while trying to memorize a list of letters (articulatory suppression).

• Control condition: participants memorized the same list of letters without the articulatory suppression.
  In both conditions, participants were presented with a list of letters and had to recall them in the correct order.

Landry & Bartling (2011) results

The control group (no suppression) recalled significantly more letters in the correct order than the experimental group

Landry & Bartling (2011) conclusion

articularity suppression prevents rehearsal in phoological loop beacuses of overload , which results in lower memory recall accuracy

Landry & Bartling (2011) strenghts

high internal validity / application value

Landry & Bartling (2011) limitations

low ecological validity / low generalizability