German A1 Vocabulary, Pronunciation, Phrases, and Grammar Review

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Vocabulary, expressions, country prepositions, pronunciation guide, and fundamental grammar rules extracted from German A1 lecture notes.

Last updated 11:08 AM on 8/29/26
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60 Terms

1
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der Abend

evening

2
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der Abschied

farewell / goodbye

3
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der Beruf

job / profession

4
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der Buchstabe

letter (of the alphabet)

5
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der Dank

thanks

6
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der Familienname

family name / surname

7
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der Fußballspieler

football player

8
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der Kollege

male colleague

9
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der Vorname

first name

10
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der Wortschatz

vocabulary

11
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das Beispiel

example

12
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das Gespräch

conversation

13
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das Land

country

14
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das Willkommen

welcome / welcoming

15
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die Fremdsprache

foreign language

16
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die Hausnummer

house number

17
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die Information

information / enquiry

18
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die Kollegin

female colleague

19
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die Postleitzahl

postal code

20
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die Praxis

medical practice / clinic

21
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begrüßen

to greet

22
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bitten

to request / ask

23
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buchstabieren

to spell

24
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ergänzen

to complete / fill in

25
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heißen

to be called / be named

26
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meinen

to think / mean

27
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ein bisschen

a little

28
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genau

exactly

29
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herzlich

cordial / warm

30
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noch einmal

again / one more time

31
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stimmt

that's right / correct

32
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Auf Wiedersehen!

Goodbye! (in person)

33
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Auf Wiederhören!

Goodbye! (on the telephone)

34
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Tut mir leid.

I'm sorry.

35
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Freut mich.

Pleased to meet you.

36
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Grüß dich!

Hi! / Greetings! (informal)

37
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Herzlich willkommen!

A warm welcome!

38
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Wie heißen Sie?

What is your name? (formal)

39
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Wie heißt du?

What is your name? (informal)

40
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Ich weiß es nicht.

I don't know.

41
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aus dem Iran

from Iran

42
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aus der Schweiz

from Switzerland

43
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aus den USA

from the USA

44
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Französisch — Frankreich

French — France

45
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Spanisch — Spanien

Spanish — Spain

46
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Türkisch — die Türkei

Turkish — Turkey

47
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ie (phonetics)

Long 'ee' sound (Example: hier)

48
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ei / ai / ay (phonetics)

'eye' sound (Examples: drei, Kairo, Bayern)

49
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eu / äu (phonetics)

'oy' sound (Examples: Freund, Häuser)

50
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st / sp (at start)

Pronounced roughly 'sht' and 'shp' (Examples: Stadt, Sport)

51
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-tion (ending)

Pronounced roughly 'tsion' (Example: Information)

52
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Soft ch Sound Rule

Used after ä, ö, ü, i, e, äu, eu, ei (Examples: Fächer, ich, euch)

53
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Strong/Back ch Sound Rule

Used after a, o, u, au (Examples: nach, noch, Buch, auch)

54
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du vs. Sie

'du' is informal 'you' (used with friends, classmates, children); 'Sie' (capital S) is formal 'you' (used politely, e.g. Herr/Frau + surname)

55
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Direct Address Comma Rule

A comma indicates direct address (speaking TO someone, e.g., 'Timo, woher kommst du?'); no comma indicates speaking ABOUT someone ('Timo kommt aus Finnland.')

56
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Regular Verb Conjugations (ich, du, Sie)

For 'ich' remove -en and add -e; for 'du' remove -en and add -st; for 'Sie' use the infinitive ending in -en

57
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heißen (du conjugation rule)

Because the stem already ends in ß, add only -t for the 'du' form (du heißt)

58
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sprechen (du conjugation rule)

Stem vowel changes e → i in the 'du' form (du sprichst)

59
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sein (conjugations)

ich bin, du bist, Sie sind, Wer/das ist

60
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German Question Word Order

Question word + verb + rest of sentence (Example: Woher + kommst + du?)