HIS MT 102 LEC - Health Information Systems

Health Informatics

the application of both technology and system in a healthcare setting

Health Information Systems

covers the records, coding, documentation, and administration of patient and ancillary services

Cost and Quality of Healthcare

Enumerate the factors why Health information Systems are increasingly implemented across health industries

Health Information Systems

The implementation of this enables the provision of more efficient and effective healthcare services

Health Information Systems

refer to any system that "captures, stores, manages or transmits information related to the health of individuals or the activities of organizations that work within the health sector."

"captures, stores, manages or transmits information related to the health of individuals or the activities of organizations that work within the health sector."

captures the district-level routine of information systems, disease surveillance systems, laboratory information systems, hospital patient administration systems (PAS), and human resource management information systems (HRMIS)

Well-Functioning Health Information System

an integrated effort to collect, process, report, and use health information and knowledge to influence plicy and decision-making, program action, individual and public health outcomes, and research.

Policy Level

decisions informed by evidence contribute to more efficient resource allocation

Delivery Level

Information about quality and effectiveness of services can contribute to better outcomes

Files are Easier to Access;

More Controls;

Easy to Update;

Communication

Enumerate the Role and Function of Health Information Systems

Sheahan (2017)

describes health information systems as a mechanism to keep track of everything related to patients, from patients medical history, to medication logs, contact information, appointment times, insurance formation, and billing and payment account

Files are Easier to Access

Health information systems have revolutionzed the way that doctors and healthcare professionals maintain patient information.

More Controls

Staff must be authorized to access the health information system.

More Controls

Docts may have permission to update, change, and delete information from the electronical medical record. The receptionist, can only have authority to update a patients appointment

Easy to Update

Health Information Systems let doctors create electronic medical records for their patients. Patient information can be pulled up for review at any time and copies can be made for the patients upon request

Communication

Health information systems allow communication between multiple doctors or hospitals.

Communication - Government IT

Medical professionals must pay close attention to confidentiality issues, such as patient privacy, ad security safeguards to ensure unauthorized users cannot access the information

Communication - Health Information System

delivers accurate information in a timely manner, enabling decision-makers to make better-informed choices about different aspects of the health institution, from patient care to annual budgets.

Communication

Upholds transparency and accountability due to the easier access to information

Health Information system Resources;

Indicators;

Data Sources;

Data Management;

Information Products;

Dissemination and use;

Enumerate the components of Health Information System

Health Metrics Network (HMN), in their Framework and Standards for Country Health Information Systems (2008)

Who defined the Health Information System components?

Health Information System Resources

These consist of the legislative, regulatory, and planning frameworks required to ensure a fully functioning health information system, and the resources that are prerequisited for such system to be functional.

Personnel, Financing, Logistics Support, Information and Communications Technology (ICT); Coordinating mechanisms within and among the six components

Enumerate the resources required to make a Health Information System functional:

Indicators

Related targets for three domains of health information, suhc as the basis for a plan, and strategy for a health information system

Indicators

Need to encompass determinants of health; health system inputs; outputs and outcomes; and health status

Population-Based Approaches;

Institution-Based Data

Enumerate the two categories data sources can be divided into:

Cenuses, Civil Registration, Population Surveys

Give examples of Population-Based Approaches:

Individual Records, Service Records, Resource Records

Give examples of Institution-Based Data:

Data Sources

A number of other data collection approaches and sources (health surveys, research, and information by community-based organizations) do not fit neatly into either of the two categories, but can provide important information that may not be available elsewhere

Data Management

Covers all aspects of data handling: Collection, storage, quality-assurance, flow, processing, compilation, and analysis

Data Management

Specific requirements for periodicity and timeliness are defines where critical (disease surveillance)

Information Products

Data must be transformed into information that will become the basis for evidence and knowledge to shape health action

Dissemination and Use

The value of health information can be enhanced by making it readily accessible to decision-makers and by providing incentives for information use

Demographic data, Administrative data, Health risk information, Health Status, Patient Medical History, Current Medical Management, Outcomes Data

Enumerate the different data dources for health information system:

Demographic Data

Consists of facts such as age (or birth date), gender, race, and ethnic origin, marital status, address of residence, names of and other information about immediate family members and emergency information. Information about employment status (and employer), schooling and education

Administrative Data

Involves facts, with respect to services provided, and also typically includes charges and amounts paid, the kind of practitioner, physician specialty, and nature of institution.

Health Risk Information

Reveals lifestyle and behaviour and facts about family history and genetic factors to evaluate propensity for different diseases

Health Status

Generally reported by the individual themselves, reflects domains of health such as physical functioning, mental and emotional well-being, cognitive functioning, social and role functioning, and perceptions of one's health in the past, present, and future and compared with that of one's peers.

Patient Medical History

Considers data on previous medical encounters such as hospital admissions, surgical procedures, pregnancies, and live births, and the like.

Patient Medical History

Includes information on past medical problems and possibly family history or events (alcoholism/parent divorce)

Current Medical Management

includes the content of encounter forms or parts of the patient record. Such information might reflect health screening, current health problems and diagnoses, allergies, diagnostic or therapeutic procedures performed, laboratory tests carried out, medications prescribes, and counseling provided.

Outcomes Data

compromise a wide array of measure of the effects of health care and the aftermath of various health problems; they might reflect health care events such as readmission to hospital or unexpected complications or side effects of care, and also include measures of satisfaction with care.