Seed Germination

Dormancy

seeds are in a dormant state

Physical Dormancy

seed coat prevents water uptake

Embryonic Dormancy

physiologically resting

Double Dormancy

both physical and embryonic factors

Scarification

softening/mechanically altering the seed coat (physical)

Stratification

chemical modification of seed (embryonic)

3 Key Parts

dormant embryo, storage tissue, seed coat

Seed Coat

hard protective exterior layer

Storage Tissue

endosperm and cotyledons help nourish embryo

Epicotyl

becomes the shoot

Hypocotyl

between the root tip and the cotyledons

Radicle

becomes the root

Inhibition

seed takes up water

Epigeneous

hypocotyl raises the cotyledeons above ground

Hypogeous

cotyledons remain below ground and the epicotyl emerges

Flowering Plants

embryo is protected by the ovary and nourished by endosperm

Cone Plants

embryo is protected by the cone