U5 Intro to Organic Chem - classes

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Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

IB Chemistry (SL)

Last updated 1:38 AM on 6/28/26

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13 Terms

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Alkanes

Saturated (single bonds between carbon chains), C_nH_2n+2

<p>Saturated (single bonds between carbon chains), <span style="background-color: transparent;"> C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n+2</sub></span></p>

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Alkenes

Unsaturated (has double bond), C_nH_2n

<p>Unsaturated (has double bond), <span style="background-color: transparent;">C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n</sub></span></p>

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Alkynes

Unsaturated (has triple bond), C_nH_2n-2

<p>Unsaturated (has triple bond), <span style="background-color: transparent;">C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n-2</sub></span></p>

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Alcohols

Saturated with bond to hydroxyl functional group (-OH), C_nH_2n+2O

<p>Saturated with bond to hydroxyl functional group (-OH), <span style="background-color: transparent;">C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n+2</sub>O</span></p>

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Ethers

named ()oxy-()ane (eg. methoxyethane), where the first blank is the shorter chain, following an R-O-R structure, C_nH_2n+2O

<p>named ()oxy-()ane (eg. methoxyethane), where the first blank is the shorter chain, following an R-O-R structure, <span style="background-color: transparent;">C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n+2</sub>O</span></p>

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Halogenoalkanes

(chloro/bromo/iodo/fluoro)ane, saturated with a bond to a halogen (X), C_nH_2n+1X

<p>(chloro/bromo/iodo/fluoro)ane, saturated with a bond to a halogen (X), <span style="background-color: transparent;">C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n+1</sub>X</span></p>

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Aldehydes

ends with -al, carbon atom is double bonded to oxygen (carbonyl group) and single bonded to a hydrogen at the END of the chain R-CHO, C_nH_2nO

<p>ends with -al, carbon atom is double bonded to oxygen (carbonyl group) and single bonded to a hydrogen at the END of the chain R-CHO, <span style="background-color: transparent;">C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n</sub>O</span></p>

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Ketones

ends with -one, carbon atom is double bonded to oxygen (carbonyl group) but NOT at the end of the chain R-CO-R, C_nH_2nO

<p>ends with -one, carbon atom is double bonded to oxygen (carbonyl group) but NOT at the end of the chain R-CO-R, <span style="background-color: transparent;">C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n</sub>O</span></p>

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Carboxylic acids

ends with -oic acid, carbon atom is double bonded to oxygen and single bonded to a hydroxyl group R-COOH, C_nH_2nO₂

<p>ends with -oic acid, carbon atom is double bonded to oxygen and single bonded to a hydroxyl group R-COOH, <span style="background-color: transparent;">C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n</sub>O<sub>2</sub></span></p>

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Esters

(alcohol part chain)-yl-(double bond chain)-oate, where the alcohol part is single bonded to the oxygen and acid part contains the double bond with oxygen, C_nH_2nO₂

<p>(alcohol part chain)-yl-(double bond chain)-oate, where the alcohol part is single bonded to the oxygen and acid part contains the double bond with oxygen, <span style="background-color: transparent;">C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n</sub>O<sub>2</sub></span></p>

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Amines

ends with -amine, derived from ammonia NH₃ where hydrogen is replaced with carbon chains R-NH₂, C_nH_2n+3N

<p>ends with -amine, derived from ammonia NH<sub>3</sub> where hydrogen is replaced with carbon chains R-NH<sub>2</sub>, <span style="background-color: transparent;">C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n+3</sub>N</span></p>

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Amides

ends with -amide, has carbonyl group (C=O) linked to a nitrogen atom R-CONH₂, C_nH_2n+1NO

<p>ends with -amide, has carbonyl group (C=O) linked to a nitrogen atom R-CONH<sub>2</sub>, <span style="background-color: transparent;">C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n+1</sub>NO</span></p>

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Arenes

cyclic, unsaturated compounds, do not need to know in depth.