Practice Exams

Peroxisomes

Membrane-bound organelles that carry out oxidation reactions and detoxification of toxins.

Exocytosis

The process a cell uses to transport very large items outside the cell.

Osmosis

The diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.

Phospholipids

The major lipids of plasma membranes.

Active transport

Bulk transport via the formation of vesicles or membrane-bound sacs.

Pinocytosis

An example of endocytosis and bulk transport, often referred to as 'cell drinking.'

Sodium-Potassium ATPase Pump

An example of a primary active transporter that derives energy from ATP hydrolysis to move solutes against their concentration gradient.

Water movement in osmosis

Water moves from an area with a high concentration of water to one of lower concentration.

Double bonds in the fatty acid tail

A characteristic of a phospholipid that contributes to the fluidity of the membrane.

Red blood cells in distilled water

They swell as water moves into the cells by osmosis.

Lysosomes

Organelles most involved in the digestion of engulfed material by phagocytic white blood cells.

Cell

The smallest unit of life that demonstrates all the properties of life.

Protein synthesis locations

Ribosome and Rough ER are where protein synthesis occurs.

Sagittal plane

The plane that runs lengthwise front to back and divides the body into right and left sides.

Anatomical position

When a person is standing with arms at the sides and palms turned forward, with head and feet pointing forward.

Caudal

Medical term meaning 'pertaining to the tail.'

Midsagittal plane

The imaginary 'line' that divides the body into equal right and left halves.

Umbilicus

The term for the navel or belly button.

Costochondritis

The medical term for inflammation of the cartilage of the ribs.

Sternal

Term relating to the breastbone.

Carpal

Term relating to the wrist.

Histology

The study of tissue.

Lumbar

Term relating to the lower back.

Femoral

Term relating to the thigh.

Nucleotides

The monomer of DNA.

Biology

The study of living organisms.

Alkalotic

The state of a solution having a higher pH due to the addition of hydroxyl oxide (OH-).

Enzymes

Molecules that facilitate chemical reactions by lowering the energy of activation.

CO2

An acidic molecule.

Ribose

The sugar found in RNA.

Sterols

Lipids that are part of hydrophobic organic molecules along with fats, oils, and waxes.

Atomic number

The number of protons of an element.

True

A complete protein contains an adequate amount of each of the nine essential amino acids; plants are an excellent source.

starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin, pectin, inulin, and hyaluronic acid

Example of a polysaccharides

True

According to base pairing rules, adenine binds with thymine and cytosine binds with guanine.

Glucagon

A hormone released from alpha cells of the pancreas that increases blood glucose levels by directing liver cells to start glycogenosis.