Elucidation of alcohols and ethers

DUS formula

(Carbons number x 2 + 2) - (hydrogen number) all divided by 2

Peak for OH alcohols

around 3400 which is very broad, you really can’t miss it. O—H signifies this. OH alcohol.

C—O stretching IR

Could apply to the oxygen molecules and ethers, so turn to chemical tests

Jones chemical test

Jones test is positive for a primary or secondary alcohol. Test tube will change from yellow orange to green if positive.

Lucas chemical test

Lucas test is positive for secondary and tertiary alcohols. Originally the test tube is clear, and if positive it becomes opaque/turbent/cloudy.

Ziesel chemical test

Positive ziesel chemical test means an ether

Peaks for --O— ethers

C—H stretch and C—O stretch, where alkanes have just the C—H stretch

Treated with H2/pd gas

Negative means no pi bond present, positive means pi bond present

Bromine test

positive means double bond present negative means no double bond

baeyrs test

test for pi bonds an alcohols, very similar to jones test.