Anatomy Movements + Muscle Contractions

Gliding Movements

When one flat bone surface glides or slips over another

Hinge

Only moves in one direction

Flexion

Bending in a way that decreases the angle of the joint so the articulating bones get closer

Extension

Reverse of flexion

Hyperextension

Going beyond the anatomical position

Pivot

Allow rotation as well as twisting movements back and forth

Supination

Turn/Twist forward

Pronation

Turn/Twist backward

Condylar

Allows movements like flexion/extension, as well as abduction and adduction

Abduction

Moving a limb away from the median plane, along the frontal plane

Adduction

Moving a limb toward the median plane, along the frontal plane

Saddle 

Allows opposition movements as well as flexion/extension, abduction/adduction

Ball and Socket

Allow rotational movements

Rotation

Turning of the bone around its own long axis

Circumduction

Moving limb in a circle

Elevation and Depression

Lifting and lowering a body part

Protraction and Retraction

Sticking out and back in

Dorsiflexion

Lifting the foot towards the knee from the ankle

Plantar Flexsion

Pointing your toe

Inversion and Eversion

Turning the foot inward and outward

Isotonic

Causes a change in the length of the muscles

Isometric

No change in length of muscles

Insertion

The moveable bone during a muscle contraction

Origin

The bone that moves less or not at all