Macromolecules: Multiple Choice

The process of monomers being bonded to form polymers is called ______________.

a. polymerization

b. hydrolysis

c. monomerization

d. none of the above

(A) polymerization

__________ are the subunits of polymers.

a. sub-polymers

b. subatomic particles

c. monomers

d. amino acids

(C) polymers are made up of monomers

Which of the following is not one of the four principal macromolecules?

a. nucleic acids

b. proteins

c. glucose

d. carbohydrates

(C) glucose is a monomer for the carbohydrate macromolecule, but is not a macromolecule in and of itself

monosaccharides and disaccharides are the monomers of:

a. proteins

b. carbohydrates

c. lipids

d. amino acids

(C) carbohydrates

sugars found in fruits and honey are good examples of:

a. monosaccharides

b. disaccharides

c. depends on which kind of fruit

d. none of the above

(A) monosaccharides are simple sugars, such as those found in fruits and honey.

starch and sugar are both examples of:

a. proteins

b. amino acids

c. fatty acids

d. carbohydrates

(D) starch is a disaccharide and sugar is a monosaccharide, both are carbohydrates.

all carbohydrates are:

a. polysaccharides

b. unsaturated

c. hydrogen bonded

d. monosaccharides

(A) polysaccharides

fats, oils, and waxes are all examples of:

a. lipids

b. nucleic acids

c. amino acids

d. carbohydrates

(A) lipids

the cell membrane is made up of which macromolecule?

a. carbohydrates

b. lipids

c. amino acids

d. nucleic acids

(B) lipids

which of the following is a monomer of a lipid polymer?

a. fatty acid

b. nucleotide

c. glucose

d. monosaccharides

(A) fatty acid

Which of the following is an example of an unsaturated fat?

a. butter

b. lard

c. olive oil

d. margarine

(C) olive oil. Unsaturated fats are usually liquid at room temperature

Which of the following is an example of a saturated fat?

a. butter

b. olive oil

c. glucose

d. vegetable oil

(A) butter. Saturated fats are usually solid at room temperature

DNA and RNA are both examples of which macromolecule?

a. carbohydrates

b. proteins

c. lipids

d. nucleic acids

(D) nucleic acids

Which of the following is the monomer for nucleic acids?

a. nucleotides

b. disaccharides

c. triglycerides

d. monosaccharides

(A) nucleotides

Which of the following is the monomer for proteins?

a. triglycerides

b. nucleotides

c. amino acids

d. fatty acids

(C) amino acids

When two amino acids join to form a protein the bond formed is called a:

a. phosphodiaster bond

b. peptide bond

c. double bond

d. hydrogen bond

(B) peptide bond

There are _______ total distinct amino acids

a. 41

b. 22

c. unknown

d. 20

(D) 20

Amino acids are distinguished from one another based on ____________.

a. their distinct 'R-group' structure

b. their color in solution

c. they cannot be distinguished from another

d. both A and C

(A) each of the 20 amino acids has a distinct 'R-group' structure that distinguishes it from other amino acids

Whether or not an amino acid is considered hydrophobic or hydrophilic is based on ______.

a. the chemical structure of the R-group

b. how big the amino acid is

c. all amino acids are hydrophobic

d. all amino acids are hydrophilic

(A) all amino acids are identical with exception of the shape of their R-group. The R-group's charge (or lack there of) will determine whether the amino acid is hydrophobic or hydrophilic

chains of amino acids are called ____________.

a. polypeptides

d. polysaccharides

c. disaccharides

d. polymerization

(A) polypeptides

The function of a protein is primarily determined by its ___________.

a. molecular weight

b. shape/structure

c. color

d. B and C

(B) when it comes to proteins, the structure/ shape primarily determines its function.

complex proteins are built up through the process of:

a. hydrolysis

b. depends on the protein

c. dehydration synthesis

d. A and C

(C) dehydration synthesis

_________ refers to polymers being broken down into monomer form.

a. covalent bonding

b. hydrolysis

c. dehydration synthesis

d. A and C

(B) hydrolysis

The sequence of amino acids is also referred to as a protein's _____________.

a. tertiary structure

b. quaternary structure

c. primary structure

d. secondary structure

(C) primary structure