Range-of-Motion Exercises

AROM

active range of motion (resident does by self)

PROM

passive range of motion (someone else does)

AAROM

active assisted range of motion (resident gets help)

Joints exercised

1. Shoulder

2. Elbow

3. Wrist

4. Fingers

5. Thumb

6. Hip

7. Knee

8. Ankle

9. Toes

NOT the neck

Abduction - Adduction

movement away/into from midline

Consists of: shoulder, fingers, hip, and toes

Flexion - Extension

bending and extension of a limb

Consists of: shoulder, elbow, wrist, fingers, hip, knee, and toes

Internal rotation - External rotation

turning a joint or an extremity on its axis toward the body's midline,

turning a joint or an extremity on its axis away from the body's midline

Consists of: shoulder and hip

Pronation - Supination

Rotational movement of the forearm that results in the palm facing posteriorly. Supination describes the motion of turning the palm anteriorly

Consists of: elbow

Radial deviation (flexion) - Ulnar deviation (flexion)

Bending or curvature of a finger toward the radial side (thumb). Bending or curvature of a finger toward the ulnar side (pinky)

Consists of: wrist

Opposition

Movement of the thumb to touch the fingertips

Consists of: thumb

Plantar flexion - Dorsiflexion

Plantar flexion= toes down

Dorsiflexion= toes up

Consists of: ankle

Guidelines for PROM Exercises

- Check plan of care

- Perform 2 times a day

- Use good body mechanics

- Position supine (preferred), or in w/c or chair.

- Start at one side then the other - top to bottom, then bottom to top

- Do NOT exercise the neck

Guidelines for PROM Exercises (part 2)

- Do NOT hyperextend the joints of the elderly.

- Expose only the body part exercising

- Repeat each exercise 5 times

- Support the body part & move slowly, gently, and smoothly

- Stop if pain or meet resistance

- Observe for any complications

- Report and record