Chapter 3: Careers in Health Care

Parthini Tottempudi

What % of thee American workforce are in healthcare"?

13%

What is driving the growth of the health care industry?

population growth, aging population, increased life expectancy

Where are most health care jobs located?

hospitals

Define demographic

statistical study of human population

What is the ACA?

aimed to provide health coverage to all Americans and prevent health care costs

what does the ACA emphasize

prevention and primary care

what are examples of chronic diseases

cancer and diabetes

what are examples of a cute diseases

pnuemonia and malaria

what is the role of physicians

evaluate, diagnosis, treat patients

how are physicians licensed?

licensure: MD or DO

what is allopathic medicine

medical practice that emphasizes diagnosis and treating with conventional methods like drugs and surgery

what is osteopathic medicine?

holistic and comprehensive approack and uses musculoskeletal manipulation

what is NBME

Nation Board of Medical Examiners

what is NBOME

Nation Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners

how are internships and residencies

they are 2-6 years

what do MD’s focus on

allopathic, disease-focused, counteractive treatment

what do DOs focus on

musculoskeletal focus, holistic prevention, diet/environment

who are more likely to be generalists

DOs

what are examples of generalists

family medicine, internal medicine, pediatrics

how do  referrals work

PCP refer to  specialists

what does PCP mean

primary care provider

what do hospitalists focus on

impatient medicine, hospital based care

what are the roles of hospitalists?

manage care during hospitalization

how are hospitalists trained?

internal medicine, family practice, or pediatrics

What is gatekeeping?

primary care controls access to specialty care

What does longitudinal mean?

involving the repeated observation over time

What does episodic mean?

occur at irregular intervals

What do primary doctors focus on?

whole patient, comorbidities

What are the different work settings for physicians?

hospitals, public sectors

What do specialists focus on?

disease or organ system

What does comorbidity mean?

exists simultaneously with another condition

What does  public sector?

government agencies, public health clinics, schools, prison

What are ambulatory visits?

to be able to walk around

How are physicians maldistributed?  

Geographically

Hoe does maldistribution mean?

undesirable lifestyle

Where do most doctors cluster

in metro/suburban areas

Why does the U.S. have more specialists than primary care providers?

technical advancements and more money

What are consequences of having more specialists than primary care providers?

higher costs , less effective care, underserved populations most affected

What does reimbursement mean

to pay someone back

What are underserved populations?

they have less than 3 doctors per 1000 people

What are orthodontics?

braces

what is periodontics?

diseases of gum and teeth

what are prosthodontics?

replace missing/chipped teeth

what are endodontics?

diseases of dental pulp

what does pathology mean?

study of diseases