Unseen poetry

Assonance

Repeated vowel sounds

Consonance

Repeated consonant sounds. Sounds are accented or stressed, producing a pleasing near-rhyme

Cacophony

Series of harsh, unpleasant sounds that helps to convey disorder

Euphony

Series of musically pleasant sounds, conveying a sense of harmony

Parrallelism

Repetition of longer phrases, containing a different key word each time

Double rhyme

Final two syllables rhyme

Triple rhyme

Final three syllables rhyme

Half-rhyme

When only final consonant sounds of word are the same, at the end of a line

Near-rhyme

Final vowel sounds are the same but the final consonant sounds are slightly different

Eye-rhymes

Spelt the same but are pronounced differently

Allegory

A representation of an abstract or spiritual meaning

Allusion

Brief reference to a person, historical event etc

Apostrophe

Speaking directly to a real or imagined listener or inanimate object. Addressing thing by name

Connotation

A word's implication apart from literal meaning

Denotation

Word's literal meaning apart from any associations

Irony

Contradictory statement or situation to reeal a different reality from what appears to be true

Metonymy

Figure of speech where something is referred to by something closely related to it

Synecdoche

a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa, as in England lost by six wickets (meaning 'the English cricket team')

Stanza

A group of lines in a poem

Alternate rhyme

ABAB rhyme scheme

open form poetry

poems that avoid traditional structural patterns, such as rhyme or meter, in favor of other methods of organization

Closed form

Form with fixed structure and pattern

Blank verse

Unrhymed iambic pentameter

Free verse

Lines with no prescribed pattern or structure

Heroic couplet

Pair of rhymed lines in iambic pentameter

Fixed form

Poem which follows set pattern of meter, rhyme scheme, stanza form and refrain

Synesthesia

Attempt to fuse different senses by describing one kind of sense impression in words normally used to describe another eg. the sound of her voice was sweet

Examples of tone

Ironic
Satirical
Loving
Condescending
Bitter
Pitying
Fanciful
Solemn

Syndetic listing

Listing with the word 'and' before the last article in the list.

Shakespearean sonnet

4 quatrains and a couplet. Alternate rhyme scheme, iambic pentameter. Final rhyming couplet often offers turn in meaning.

Antithesis

Two phrases or ideas that contrast or have opposite meanings

Ephemeral

Lasting for a very short time, transitory thing

Diphthong

Sound formed by combination of two vowels in a single syllable e.g. Coin, loud

Couplet

2 line stanza

Tercet

3 line stanza

Quatrain

4 line stanza

Quintet

5 line stanza

Sestet

6 line stanza

Septet

7 line stanza

Octave

8 line stanza

Semantic field

Set of related terms

Caesura

A natural pause or break in a line of poetry, usually near the middle of the line.

Enjambment

A run-on line of poetry in which logical and grammatical sense carries over from one line into the next.

imagery

Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)

extended metaphor

A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.

examples of figurative language

simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole

examples of poetic form

ballad, sonnet, haiku, free verse etc.

examples of poetic structure

meter, rhyme, shape, lineation

iambic pentameter

a poetic meter that is made up of 5 stressed syllables each followed by an unstressed syllable