Study up 2

Mass Communication

The process of creating, sending, receiving, and analyzing messages to large audiences via various media.

Gutenberg's Printing Press

Johannes Gutenberg's invention that allowed for the mass production of books, significantly increasing literacy and education in Europe.

Guglielmo Marconi

An Italian inventor known for creating a practical radio wave-based wireless telegraph system.

Radio Act of 1912

A federal law requiring all seafaring vessels to maintain 24-hour radio watch and communicate with nearby ships and coastal stations.

Edward R. Murrow

A journalist known for reporting live from the front lines during significant events, such as the Blitz on London.

The Jazz Singer

The first feature-length motion picture with synchronized recorded music and lip-synchronous singing, released in 1927.

Hays Code

A set of industry guidelines that regulated the content of films in the United States to avoid government interference.

First Television Broadcast

The first electronic television broadcast introduced by RCA at the 1939 World's Fair in New York.

JFK Assassination on Live TV

The first time a presidential assassination was revealed to the public as it happened, marking a significant moment in media history.

TheFacebook

A social networking website launched by Mark Zuckerberg on February 4, 2004.

Media Literacy

The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in various forms.

Civil War and News

The period during 1860-1865 when the necessity for news became evident due to the events of the Civil War.

Telecommunications Act of 1996

Legislation that brought significant changes to telecommunications, including deregulation and an increase in mergers.

Hypodermic Needle Theory

A linear communication theory suggesting that media messages are injected directly into the brains of a passive audience.

Triumph of the Will

A 1935 Nazi propaganda film directed by Leni Riefenstahl, showcasing Adolf Hitler at the Nuremberg Rally.

MTV

Music Television, which first aired in 1981, revolutionizing music consumption and video broadcasting.

First American Magazines

The first magazines published in America, which began in 1741.

First Amendment

Part of the Bill of Rights ratified in 1791, protecting freedoms concerning religion, expression, assembly, and the right to petition.

Noah Webster

Published the first American dictionary in 1828, standardizing American English.

Samuel Morse

Granted a patent for the telegraph in 1844, with the first message sent on May 24.

Edison and the Talking Machine

Thomas Edison invented the talking machine in 1877, marking a significant development in audio technology.

Kinetoscope

A device patented by Edison in 1891 for viewing moving pictures, with the first parlor opening in 1894.

First Radio Stations

The establishment of the first radio stations in the U.S. and Canada in 1920.

Jazz Journalism

A style of journalism that emerged in the 1920s, characterized by sensationalism and tabloid-style reporting.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

Established in 1934 to regulate interstate and international communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable.

Golden Age of Television

A period in the 1950s marked by the rise of television as a dominant form of entertainment.

Video Killed the Radio Star

The first video aired on MTV, signifying the transition from radio to television as the primary medium for music.

CD Player

Introduced by Sony in 1983, revolutionizing music consumption by allowing digital playback.

Internet Access in the 1990s

The opening of internet access to the general public, fundamentally changing communication and information sharing.

Limited Effects Perspective

Media reinforces existing thoughts, not agents of change.

Joseph Klapper

Reviewed media studies, concluded media's limited influence.

Uses and Gratifications Approach

People actively use media to satisfy specific needs.

Active Media Users

Users control their media consumption choices.

Diversion

Escape from routine; emotional release through media.

Personal Relationships

Media provides companionship and social utility.

Personal Identity

Media reinforces values and aids self-exploration.

Surveillance

Information-seeking behavior through media consumption.

Social Learning Theory

Learning through observing and imitating others' behaviors.

Albert Bandura

Proposed social learning theory emphasizing observational learning.

Four Steps of Social Learning

Attention, retention, reproduction, motivation in learning.

Excitation-Transfer Theory

Residual excitation amplifies response to subsequent stimuli.

Agenda-Setting Theory

Media influences importance of topics on public agenda.

Cultivation Theory

Long-term media exposure shapes perceptions of reality.

Resonance

Media impacts more when aligned with personal experiences.

Center for Media Literacy

Defines media literacy as essential 21st-century education.

Tailored Advertising

Promotions customized based on demographic information.

Filter Bubbles

Personalized information universe limits exposure to diverse views.

Product Placement

Ads integrated into content to avoid viewer avoidance.

Entertainment Education

Using media to educate while entertaining viewers.

Media Ownership

Few companies control media, reducing voice diversity.

Corporate Interests

Influence content and news representation in media.

Fake News

Misinformation presented as legitimate news content.

Learning from TV

Television can effectively teach through engaging content.

Caveats of Entertainment Education

International effectiveness varies; difficult in fragmented media.

Media Bias Chart

Visual representation of media bias across sources.

Sinclair Broadcast Group

Conservative media group owning nearly 200 stations.

Health Communication

Strategies to inform and influence health decisions.

Health Literacy

Understanding information affecting health decisions.

Public Health Campaigns

Efforts to promote health awareness and behavior.

Doctor-Patient Interactions

Communication dynamics between healthcare providers and patients.

Health Education

Teaching about health to improve public understanding.

Theory of Planned Behavior

Links beliefs to behavioral intentions.

Health Belief Model

Predicts health behavior changes based on beliefs.

Doctor-Patient Disconnect

Disparity in satisfaction between doctors and patients.

Empathic Response

Understanding and sharing patients' feelings.

Fear Appeals

Messages that invoke fear to influence behavior.

Surprise Appeal

Unexpected messages to capture attention and influence.

TEEMS

Modules for managing emotions and health behaviors.

Health Campaign Phases

Four steps: planning, developing, implementing, refining.

Listening to Patients

Engaging patients through active listening techniques.

Plain Language Materials

Simple, clear health information for better understanding.

Science Communication

Sharing scientific information with the public.

Goals of Science Communication

Support inquiry, educate, inform decision-making.

Political Behavior

Influence of science on political decision-making.

Public Opinion

Collective views on safety and science.

Ethical Thinking

Moral reasoning in decision-making scenarios.

Trolley Problem

Ethical dilemma involving life-and-death decisions.

COVID-19 Communication

Information dissemination during the pandemic.

Health Campaign Effectiveness

Assessment of health initiatives' impact.

Cultural Appropriateness

Tailoring health messages to diverse populations.

Media Collaboration

Working with media to enhance health literacy.

Behavioral Intentions

Motivation to engage in specific health behaviors.

Science Ambassadors

Individuals who make science engaging and accessible.

Politicization of Science

Science perceived as politically neutral but often influenced.

Measles Outbreak 2019

Significant increase in measles cases since vaccine introduction.

Andrew Wakefield

Published controversial MMR vaccine study in 1998.

MMR Vaccine

Vaccine for measles, mumps, and rubella; safety debated.

Climate Change

Long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns.

Media Framing

Presentation of information to influence audience interpretation.

GMO-Free Labeling

Implies all GMOs are harmful, which is misleading.

Clear Science Communication

Use simple language and relatable metaphors for clarity.

Science Media Literacy

Critical evaluation of scientific claims in media.

Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC)

Digital message exchange between individuals or groups.

Media Deficit Approach

CMC viewed as inferior to face-to-face communication.

Media Augmentation Approach

CMC enhances and complements face-to-face interactions.

Diffusion of Innovations

Theory explaining how new ideas spread over time.

Adopter Categories

Groups based on willingness to adopt innovations.

Innovators

First individuals to try new ideas or technologies.

Early Adopters

Opinion leaders who embrace change readily.

Early Majority

Adopts innovations before the average person.