History : Irish war of independence
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34 Terms
What does RIC stand for?
Royal Irish Constabulary
What is guerilla warfare?
Tactics involving ambushes and hit-and-run methods
Who was the Director of Intelligence for the IRA?
Michael Collins
Who were the Black and Tans?
Ex-soldiers sent by the British governmentđŚđżđŚđ˝
Who were the Auxiliaries?
Ex-officers sent by the British government
What is a reprisal?
An act of retaliation against local people in revenge for attacks on British organisations
What were flying columns?
Groups of men that lived rough in the countryside to avoid capture
What did the Government of Ireland Act 1920 do?
Partitioned Ireland, creating parliaments in Dublin and Belfast, which Sinn FĂŠin rejected
What does partitioned mean?
Separated
When and where was the First DĂĄil formed?
On 21 January 1919, in the Mansion House, Dublin
What was the purpose of the First DĂĄil?
To establish an independent Irish parliament separate from British control
How many TDs attended the first DĂĄil meeting?
27 TDs were present; others were in jail or on the run
What was the reaction of the Irish Parliamentary Party and Unionists to the DĂĄil?
They refused to attend and continued in Westminster
Who was the first president of DĂĄil Ăireann?
Cathal Brugha
What declaration was made at the First DĂĄil meeting?
A Declaration of Independence, establishing Ireland as a republic
Who were the key ministers appointed in April 1919?
Eamon de Valera: President, Arthur Griffith: Minister for Home Affairs, Cathal Brugha: Minister for Defence, Michael Collins: Minister for Finance
When did the War of Independence begin?
21 January 1919, the same day as the First DĂĄil meeting
What event marked the start of the War of Independence?
Dan Breen and Sean Traceyâs IRA unit attacked an RIC patrol at Soloheadbeg, killing two constables
What did the Irish Volunteers become known as?
Irish Republican Army (IRA)
What methods did the IRA use during the War of Independence?
Guerilla warfare and the formation of flying columns
Who was the real leader of the IRA during the War of Independence?
Michael Collins, as Director of Intelligence
What was Collinsâ Squad?
A group formed to kill spies
Who were the Black and Tans?
Ex-soldiers sent by the British government
Who were the Auxiliaries?
Ex-officers sent by the British government
What were reprisals?
Acts of retaliation carried out by the Black and Tans and Auxiliaries
What happened on 20 March 1920?
The Lord Mayor of Cork was shot by the RIC
What did Tom Barryâs West Cork Brigade do?
Ambushed and killed 18 Auxiliaries
What happened to Cork city center afterward?
It was burned by the Auxiliaries
Why was Michael Collins called "the most wanted man in the British Empire"?
A ÂŁ10,000 bounty was placed on him
When was Bloody Sunday?
21 November 1920
What did the Squad do on Bloody Sunday?
Executed 14 British intelligence agents
What did the Black and Tans do in response on Bloody Sunday?
Fired into the crowd at Croke Park, killing 14 civilians
Why did both sides want peace by 1921?
IRA: Running out of arms and ammunition; people wanted peace. British: Criticism of Black and Tansâ actions; war was expensive
When was the ceasefire declared?
11 July 1921â