Neural Final- hydrocephalus, shunt, lumbar puncture

hydrocephalus

imbalance between CSF production and absorption. leads to increased intracranial pressure

what is hydrocephalus caused by

increased CSF production

impaired absorption

obstruction of ventricular drainage to the SSS

commuting hydrocephalus

CSF flows freely between ventricles but absorption is blocked

Obstructive (non commuting) hydrocephalus

blockage within ventricular system prevents flow

normal pressure hydrocephalus

secondary type; enlarged ventricles, normal ICP, common in elderly

ex vaco hydrocephalus

brain tissue loss (aging, injury) causes ventricles to expand to fill space

goal of a surgical shunt

divert blocked ventricular CSF to another body cavity

VP shunt

CSF drained to peritoneal (abdominal) cavity; most common

VA shunt

CSF drained to the right atrium

mechanism of a surgical shunt

a tube is implanted from the ventricle, tunneled under the skin, and connects to the target cavity

site of a lumbar puncture

L3-S1 vertebral region (below spinal cord terminus)

Purpose of a lumbar puncture

measure CSF pressure; sample CSF for analysis

normal pressure of a lumbar puncture

80-180mm

high pressure of Lumbar pressure

increased CSF volume, brain swelling, or tumors

Lumbar puncture other used

administering anestesia to supress pain from lower body