HBIO4 cell transport

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what is a cell membrane made up of

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phospholipids

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what is the head group of a phospholipid made of

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glycerol and a phosphate group

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60 Terms

1
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what is a cell membrane made up of

phospholipids

2
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what is the head group of a phospholipid made of

glycerol and a phosphate group

3
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what is glycerol

an alcohol

4
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what is the tail group of a phosphate group made of

a saturated and unsaturated fatty acid

5
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what is the bond in phosphate heads

polar

6
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<p>which group of a phospholipid is hydrophilic </p>

which group of a phospholipid is hydrophilic

head

7
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<p>which group of a phospholipid is hydrophobic </p>

which group of a phospholipid is hydrophobic

tails

8
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what are the 5 proteins in the cell membrane

receptor, channel, gated channel, transport, glycoprotein

9
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what steroid is in the cell membrane of animal cells

cholesterol

10
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what is the purpose of having cholesterol in the cell membrane

maintains fluidity

11
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what MM is cholesterol

lipid

12
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what does maintaining fluidity do in the cell

holds structure in non homestatic temperatures

13
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which protein in the cell membrane is transmembrane

receptor

14
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what is a word that describes the fact that receptor protein has hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions

amphipathic

15
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what secondary PRO conformation makes up the hydrophobic region of a receptor protein

alpha helices

16
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what are the three sub parts of endocytosis

phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis

17
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what are the 6 major types of cell transport

diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, exocytosis, endocytosis

18
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what 3 types of cell transport are passive

diffusion, osmosis, facilitation diffusion

19
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what 3 types of cell tranport are active

active transport, exocytosis, endocytosis

20
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define diffusion

movement of molecules from high conecentration to low concentration

21
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what do most systems result in from diffusion

dynamic equilibrium

22
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what is the opposite of dynamic equalilbriam

static equalilbrium

23
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define osmosis

movement of water from high concentration to low concentration through SPM

24
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solute

being dissolved

25
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solvent

does the dissolving

26
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what does active transport go against

the concentration gradient

27
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<p>exocytosis </p>

exocytosis

large amount of molecules leaving the cell

28
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why can a vesicle fuse with the cell membrane

they are both make of phospholipids

29
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what is a result of exocytosis

vesicle fuses with cell membrane

30
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define phagocytosis

the process used for the cell to eat solid food

31
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endocytosis

large amounts of material enter the cell

32
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<p>what is a pseudopodium </p>

what is a pseudopodium

an extendable part of the cytoplasm that engulfs food

33
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<p>define pinocytosis </p>

define pinocytosis

the process used for the cell to absorb liquid material

34
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how does pinocytosis work

the cell collapses onto liquid

35
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what are the 3 results of osmosis

hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic

36
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<p>what is the result of a hypertonic solution on an animal cell</p>

what is the result of a hypertonic solution on an animal cell

becomes shriveled

37
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what is the word for a hypotonic solution in a plant cell

turgid

38
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what is the homeostatic state of a plant cell

turgid

39
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what is the homeostatic solution for an animal cell

isotonic

40
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what is it called when a plant cell is in a isotonic solution

flaccid

41
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what is it called when an animal cell is in a hypertonic solution

shriveled

42
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what is it called when an plant cell is in a hypertonic solution

plasmolyze

43
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<p>what happens to a plamolyzed plant cell </p>

what happens to a plamolyzed plant cell

cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall

44
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why are plant cells able to sustain a hypotonic/turgid state

because of cell wall

45
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what quality is specific to a receptor PRO

an area like an active site

46
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how does the active site know which molecule to bind to

specific charges

47
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what types of things bind to receptor proteins

hormones (insulen)

48
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what specific qualities do channel proteins do channel proteins posses

makes a pathway through cell membrane for certain sized molecules

49
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what type of molecules do channel proteins help transport

polar

50
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what do gated channel proteins have that channel proteins don’t

gates on end of protein

51
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what specific qualities do glycoproteins posses

CHO chains attached to outside that act as a flag

52
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what purpose do glycoproteins serve

they act as an antigen

53
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what two things cannot pass through the cell membrane

ions and polar molecules

54
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why cant ions and polar molecules pass through SPM

tails being hydrophobic

55
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does passive transport use energy

no

56
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what is osmotic pressure

minimum pressure that can be applied to stop the flow of solvent through SPM

57
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how do you demonstrate osmosis

add sugar

58
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EXTRA RANDOM FACTS: what protein is red blood cells made up of

hemoglobin

59
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what is an effect of receptor mediated endocytosis

cell forms a vesicle

60
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what material is received in receptor mediated endocytosis

drugs