4) Reactivity in the Periodic Table

Increasing the number of protons increases the positive charge of the nucleus, which contributes to what?

electronegativity

What contributes to electronegativity?

Increasing the number of protons that increases the positive charge of the nucleus

What is electronegativity?

the pull exerted by the nucleus of one atom on electrons in a bond with a second atom

What is the pull exerted by the nucleus of one atom on electrons in a bond with a second atom?

electronegativity

Increasing numbers of electrons changes what?

the reactivity of the element in predictable ways

What changes the reactivity of the element in predictable ways?

increasing numbers of electrons

Increasing numbers of electrons changes the reactivity of the element in predictable ways, based on what?

how those electron fill up successive energy levels

What are valence electrons?

the outermost electrons that are involved in bonding

The outermost electrons that are involved in bonding are called what?

valence electrons

Valance electrons are the most important in determining what?

whether an element is reactive or unreactive

What are the most important in determining whether an element is reactive or unreactive?

valence electrons

When are atoms most stable?

when their valence shells are completely filled with electrons

When the valence shells are completely filled with electrons, atoms are

most stable

Chemistry happens as a result of what?

atoms attempting to fill the valence shells

What happens as a result of atoms attempting to fill the valence shells?

chemistry

Why are alkali metals especially reactive?

because they need to give up only one electron to have a completely filled valence shell

What are especially reactive because they only need to give up one electron to have a completely filled valence shell?

alkali metals

Why do the elements in a group tend to have similar chemical properties?

because they tend to have the same number of valence electrons

Elements in a group tend to have the same number of valence electrons, which is why

they tend to have similar chemical properties

Elements in the A groups have the same number of valence electrons as the

roman numeral of their group

What has the same number of valence electrons as the Roman numeral of their group?

electrons in the A groups