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Earths revolution
________ Determines the length of the year and duration of the seasons.
Insolation
________- Intercepted solar radiation arriving at the top of Earths atmosphere and reaching Earths surface (not returned back to space)
nuclear fusion
We exist because of the energy that the sun produces (from ________- Hydrogen atoms smashed together, creating Helium)
Declination
________- Latitude of the sub- solar point; point at which the suns rays hit at 90 degrees, always located between the two tropics, and the location changes with the seasons.
Convection
________ has the energy form from the molecules themselves moving.
Gravitational pull
________ compresses the air near the surface.
successive peaks
Wavelength- Distances between ________, crests, or troughs.
predictable 11 year
Sunspots are found on the surface of the sun, and they follow a(n) ________ cycle.
inner
It shields the ________ atmosphere and surface from harmful iodizing radiation.
solar wind
The interaction between ________ and the magnetosphere leads to Aurora Borealis in the North and Aurora Australis in the South.
Photochemical Smog
________- UV radiation /sunlight mixing with pollution from burning gasoline.
Winter Solstice
________- Dec 21st Suns rays hit at Tropic of Capricorn.
Nitrogen Dioxide
Sunlight when mixing with ________ can clean off an oxygen atom, which can combine with molecular oxygen and create ozone, which is bad at the surface because it causes respiratory issues.
Solar Constant
________- Average amount of energy reaching the top of Earths atmosphere (1372 W /meter^2)
tropospheres energy
The ________ comes from the earths surface.
Daylength
________- constant day length ONLY occurs along the equator.
ozone layer
The hole in the ________ is less of a hole, but more of a weaker portion which lets through more UV.
tilt
The ________ of the earths axis (and the fact that the ________ is constant) which influences the seasons.
Thermopause
________- Outer boundary of earths atmosphere.
Summer solstice
________- June 21st Suns rays hit at Tropic of Cancer.
Frequency
________- of waves passing a fixed point every second.
Milky way
The ________ alone has over 100 billion stars.
EM radiation
________ is broke into categories based on its wavelength: Shortwave, visible, and Infrared.
Solar radiation
________ provides nearly all energy.
Radiation
________- Propagated without medium (like a vacuum)
dangerous radiation
Shortwave- Gamma, X- rays, & Ultraviolet- Super ________ that can harm us.
UV energy
Absorbs ________ and converts it to heat energy.
Global Net Radiation
________- difference between incoming and outgoing radiation.
Waves
________ consist of electric and magnetic components à Electromagnetic Radiation.
Earths orbit
________ is elliptical, meaning its distance from the Sun varies.
Energy
________- Ability to do work (electrical, chemical, thermal, or nuclear)
Anthropogenic Pollution
________- Primarily an urban phenomenon (51 % of the world lives in urban places, 1 /3 exposed to unhealthy levels of pollution)
earths
The ________ magnetosphere deflects the wind towards the poles so very little of it gets into the atmosphere.
Sulfur Dioxide
Produces ________, CO2, and particulate matter.
main gasses
Homosphere: the atmospheres ________ are really well mixed (Nitrogen, Oxygen, CO2, Ozone, etc)
Acid deposition
________- Formerly acid rain.
short wavelengths
Earth inputs the ________ energy from the sun and outputs its own longer wavelengths as well as some of the reflected ________ from the sun back into space.
Electromagnetic Radiation
The sun emits ________, or EM Radiation.
Part of the Stratosphere
Ozonosphere: ________, has the Ozone layer.
energy transfer
Conduction has the ________ from molecule to molecule.
Convection
________- Transferred by vertical movement.
Solar wind
________ are electrically charged particles that come from the sun and take 3 days to reach earth.
ozone layer
The ________ is 3mm thick at sea level.
earth
Because the ________ is a sphere, there is an unequal distribution of energy from the sun.
Winter Solstice
________- Lower latitudes have longer days, Higher latitudes have slower days.
Summer Solstice
________- Higher latitudes have longer days, Lower latitudes have slower days.
Magnetosphere
magnetic field surrounding the Earth resulting from internal processes within the Earths core
Energy
Ability to do work (electrical, chemical, thermal, or nuclear)
Joule (J)
Standard unit of energy
Watt (W)
Rate of energy Flow (W = 1 J/s)
Conduction
Molecule to Molecule transfer
Radiation
Propagated without medium (like a vacuum)
Amplitude
Wave Height
Wavelength
Distances between successive peaks, crests, or troughs
Frequency
of waves passing a fixed point every second
Absolute 0
the temperature where all molecular motion ceases
Visible
The colors that we can see, ROYGBIV
Infrared
Near infrared, Shortwave infrared, Middle infrared, Thermal infrared
Longwave
microwaves and radio waves
Daylength
constant day length ONLY occurs along the equator
Summer solstice
June 21st Suns rays hit at Tropic of Cancer
Fall Equinox
Sept 22nd
Winter Solstice
Dec 21st Suns rays hit at Tropic of Capricorn
Spring Equinox
March 21st
Summer Solstice
Higher latitudes have longer days, Lower latitudes have slower days
Winter Solstice
Lower latitudes have longer days, Higher latitudes have slower days
Note 
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