TEAS A&P Endocrine System

Endocrine System

messanger system comprised of feedback loops of hormones released by internal glands and target distant organs

What part of the brain is the endocrine system controlled by?

Hypothalamus

Endocrine parts in the brain

hypothalamas, pineal gland, pituitary gland

Endocrine parts in the neck/chest

thyroid, parathyroid and thymus

Endocrine system in the abdomen/pelvis

adrenal gland, pancreas, and gonads

Endocrine

en=enter; release hormones into their surrounding area

Exocrine

ex=exit; gland makes and relase substance through duct or body opening

Hormones

regulatory substance products in an organism and transported in tissue fluids to stimulate specific cells or tissues

Biomolecules of hormones

amino acids and lipids

Function of hormones

bind to specifc target cells and cause an action

Hypothalamus

makes own hormones

Posterior Pituitary

holds hormones made from the hypothalamus

Oxytocin

type of posterior pituitary hormone; raises uterine contractions, stimulates mild ducts

ADH

type of posterior pituitary hormone; constricts blood vessels and controls salt and water in body

Anterior Pituitary

produce own hormones but regulated by the hypothalamus

Growth Hormone

type of anterior pituitary hormone; “GH=Grow high”, promotes growth

Prolactin

type of anterior pituitary hormone; “PRL=produce real lactation”, stimulate milk production

Thyroid Stimulation

type of anterior pituitary hormone; “TSH=thyroid secreation helper”, relase thyroid hormones

Follicle Stimulating

type of anterior pituitary hormone; “FSH= follicle selection hormone”, formation of ova and sperm

Luteinizing Hormone

type of anterior pituitary hormone; “LH=Luteal Hormone”, stimulate ovulation and androgen in men

Adrenocorticotropic

type of anterior pituitary hormone; “ACTH=adrenal cortex triggering hormone” triggers relase of cortisol from adrenal gland

Pineal Gland

makes own hormones

Melatonin

type of pineal gland hormone; sleep-wake cycle

Thyroid

butterfly shape beneath larynx and encircles trachea

Thyroxine '“T4”

type of thyroid producing hormone; increase rate of chemical reaction in cells and helps control growth and development

Triodothyronine “T3”

type of thyroid producing hormone; stimulates nervuos system in wakefulness , alertness and stimuli

Calcitonin

type of thyroid producing hormone;”calci=tone it down’, lower calcium in blood

Parathyroid

posterior to the thyroid and raises blooc calcium

Thymus

behind the breastbone produces thymosin which helps make T cells stimulating immunity

Adrenal Gland

above kidney

Adrenal Medulla

part of adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine an dnorepindephrine working on reposne by stimulating adrenal rush into blood

Glucocorticoids

type of adrenal cortex hormone; steroid hormone that plays role in glucase , protein and fat metabolism

Mineral Coticoid

type of adrenal cortex hormone; steroid hormone that plays a role in salt and water balance

Pancreas

manage bodies glucose

Insulin

type of pancreas hormone;”IN=puts in sugar”, controls blood sugar level and metabolism

Glucagon

type of pancreas hormone; Glu=raises glucose”, regulate blood glucose

Gonads

produce gametes

Estrogen

type of gonad hormone; steroid hormone develops female sex characteristics

Progesterone

type of gonad hormone; creates healthy uterine lining for menstruation and pregnancy

Androgen

type of gonad hormone; develops male sex reproduction and characteristics