Signs on Hand Examination in Systemic Diseases

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering hand physical examination findings and their associated systemic pathologies.

Heberden's nodes

Bony swellings on the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of the hand, characteristic of osteoarthritis.

Bouchard's nodes

Bony swellings on the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints of the hand, characteristic of osteoarthritis.

Infective endocarditis signs

Clinical signs including Splinter hemorrhages, Osler node, and Janeway lesions.

Gottron sign

Macular erythema plaques on the extensor surface of fingers associated with dermatomyositis.

Gottron papules

Erythematous papules on the extensor surface of fingers associated with dermatomyositis.

Thyroid acropachy

A feature of Graves disease characterized by skin tightness, digital clubbing, small-joint pain, and soft tissue edema.

Spade hand

A characteristic hand shape seen in patients with acromegaly.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patterns

Diffuse swelling frequently involving the wrists, metacarpophalangeal (MCP), and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints.

RS3PE

Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema, presenting as sudden 'boxing-glove' swelling primarily of the dorsal hands.

Calcinosis cutis

Palpable nodules due to calcific deposits in the subcutaneous tissue of the fingers, seen in scleroderma.

Sclerodactyly

Tightening of the skin of the fingers leading to tapering, a sign of scleroderma.

Albright hereditary osteodystrophy

A condition also known as pseudohypoparathyroidism where a key feature is shortened fourth metacarpals.

Diabetic cheiroarthropathy signs

Joint involvement in diabetics often tested via the 'table top test' or 'prayer sign'.

Thenar atrophy

Wasting of the thenar muscles suggesting a median nerve disorder such as carpal tunnel syndrome.

Hypothenar atrophy

Wasting of the hypothenar muscles suggesting an ulnar nerve disorder.

Mechanic's hands

Well-demarcated hyperkeratotic and nonpruritic erythema on the radial and palmar aspects of the hands, typical of antisynthetase syndrome.

Dactylitis

Swelling of the fingers resulting in 'sausage fingers', characteristic of psoriatic arthropathy.

Gouty tophi

Urate deposits surrounded by inflammatory cells that indicate chronic recurrent gout.

Arthritis mutilans

A severe form of psoriatic arthritis also known as 'opera glass hand' or 'telescopic finger'.

Kawasaki disease symptoms

Condition presenting with high fever, rash, swollen nodes, red eyes, red tongue, and swollen hands and feet.

Xanthoma striatum palmare

Palmar xanthomata associated with Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (type III hyperlipoproteinemia).

Tripe palms

Velvety thickening of the palms similar to acanthosis nigricans, which can imply underlying malignancy.

Simian crease

A single palmar crease often seen in patients with Down syndrome.

Arachnodactyly signs

Long, thin fingers associated with Marfan syndrome, often evaluated using the Thumb sign and Wrist sign.

Knuckle hyperpigmentation

A clinical sign frequently associated with Vitamin B12 deficiency and Addison's disease.