Art Exam 2

basilica

a large oblong hall or building with double colonnades and a semicircular apse, used in ancient Rome as a court of law or for public assemblies, adopted by Constantine to support the growth and practice of Christianity

fresco

image painted directly on wet or dry lime plaster, usually painted on walls or ceilings

mosaic

artwork made from assembling small pieces of stone or glass into a larger image

tesserae

small block of stone, tile, glass, or other material used in the construction of a mosaic

what ritual does Harvesting the Grapes show?

the eucharist (commemorating the last supper) as shown through the symbolism of the grapevines, harvests, and chalices

what characteristics define ECA?

white/blue unspecified background, Christ shown as human, youthful

what characteristics define byzantine art?

weighlessness, hovering figures in front of a golden background, focused on light and divinity, Christ becomes more divine and heavenly, human form is less individualized and flattened

icons

pieces of artwork to help guide prayer, usually depicted religious imagery, usually painted on wooden panels

iconoclasm

the banning/destruction of icons

iconoclast

a person who is against icons

iconophile

a person who supports icons

what characteristics define the early middle ages?

intricate metal work made of costly materials, smaller items, more focused on detail, colorful with interlacing patterns

cloisonne

decorative metalwork technique using small cells of wire to hold precious stones or glass, then soldered to an enamel, bone, or ivory base

reliquaries

an object to house holy relics, pilgrimages of people would travel from church to church to visit reliquaries - each church had different reliquaries, usually made from gold and other expensive materials to show their importance

what characteristics define romanesque art?

monumental sculpture and elaborate stone carving on the exteriors of churches and cathedrals to retell biblical narratives because most people didn't know how to read or have books, focus more on spiritual then physical - ethos, elongated twisting body, dark interiors, no windows, stone = permanence

sermon in stone

the exterior of romanesque churches telling Bible stories through carved stone images

manuscript

a collection of pages containing text and images, sewn together between two covers (aka a book)

folios

the pages which make up manuscripts

what are the two types of floor plans?

circular and basilica (roman cross)

barrel vault system

introduced during the romanesque period, great protection against fire, allowed for construction of larger churches to accommodate traveling pilgrimages

relic

body part, clothing, or object associated with a holy figure

radiating chapels

enclosed areas that contain relics for the public to view

spill the tea on abott suger

architect that inspire the stained glass and illumination of the gothic era, pointed arch system, rib vaults

list name, date, style, and location

Christ as Good Shepherd fresco, Early Christian, Roman, Catacombs, Rome, Italy

list name, date, style, and location

Harvesting the Grapes mosaic, Early Christian, Roman, Santa Costanza

list name, date, style, and location

The Good Shepherd mosaic, Early Christian, Roman, Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna, Italy

list name, date, and style

Justinian as World Conqueror, Early Empire, Byzantine

list name, date, style, and location

Samuel Anoints David, Judaica, Byzantine, Synagogue wall - Dura Europos

list name, date, style, location, and architects

Hagia Sophia exterior, Byzantine, Early Empire, Istanbul Turkey, Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Milletus

list name, date, style, location, and architects

Hagia Sophia interior, Byzantine, Early Empire, Istanbul Turkey, Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Milletus

list name, date, style, location, and architects

Hagia Sophia floorplan, Byzantine, Early Empire, Istanbul Turkey, Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Milletus

list name, date, style, and location

San Vitale exterior, Early Byzantine, Byzantine, Ravenna, Italy

list name, date, style, and location

San Vitale interior, Early Byzantine, Byzantine, Ravenna, Italy

list name, date, style, and location

San Vitale floorplan, Early Byzantine, Byzantine, Ravenna, Italy

List name, date, style, and location

Procession of Justinian 1, Early Byzantine, Byzantine, Church of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy

List name, date, style, and location

Empress Theodore and Courtly Procession, Early Byzantine, Byzantine, Church of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy

list name, date, style, and function

Mary as Theotokos (Mary Between Two Saints), Early Byzantine, Byzantine, icon

What are the most popular manuscripts of the middle ages?

Lindisfarne Gospels, Book of Kells, Coronation Gospel

list name, date, style, and location

Purse Cover, Early middle ages, anglo saxon, from sutton hoo burial ship in suffolk england

list name, date, and style

Tara Brooch, early middle ages, insular

list name, date, style, and location

Chi-rho-iota page, early middle ages, insular, book of kells

list name, date, style, artist, and location

carpet page with chalice, early middle ages, insular, Eldrith, lindisfarne gospels

list name, date, style, and location

Saint Matthew in Insular, early middle ages, insular, lindisfarne gospels

list name, date, style, and material

Equestrian portrait of Charlemagne, early middle ages, carolingian, bronze

list name, date, style, and location

Saint Matthew in Carolingian, early middle ages, carolingian, coronation gospels

list name, date, style, artist, and material

Doors of Saint Michael's, high middle ages, ottonian, bishop bernward, bronze

list name, date, style, and location

Christ in Majesty, high middle ages, romanesque, st sernin, toulouse, france

list name, date, style, location, and artist

Last Judgement, high middle ages, romanesque, west tympanum of Saint Lazare church, Autun, France, Gislebertus

list name, date, and style

Bayeux tapestry, high middle ages, romanesque

list name, date, style, and location

initial R with knight fighting dragons, high middle ages, romanesque, moralia in job (manuscript)

list name, date, style, and location

rose window and lancets, 12th century, gothic, chartres cathedral

list name, date, style, and location

virgin and child, 1200, gothic, chartres chapel

list name, date, style, and location

stonemasons and sculptures, 12th century, gothic, chartres cathedral

list name, date, style, and location

astrology window, 12th century, gothic, chartres cathedral

list name, date, style, and location

saint theodore, 13th century, gothic, chartres cathedral portal, chartres france

list name, date, style, and location

royal portal at chartres cathedral, early to high gothic, gothic, chartres france

list name, date, style, and material

rottgen pieta, 1300-1325, gothic, painted wood (emphasized compassion and mercy)

list name, date, style, and location

death of the virgin, 13th century, gothic, tympanum Strasbourg Cathedral, Strasbour France

list name, date, style, and location

old testament figure/isaiah, high middle ages, romanesque, trumeau of st