GCSE AQA Religious Studies-Islam

Quotes for the Qur'an (3)

"free from any distortion"

"a blessed scripture"

"the most beautiful of all the teachings"

Why are the other books still important to Muslims?

- Prophets were given holy books by Allah

- 'People of the Book' - commanded to believe books were revealed to Christians/Jews

Beliefs about the Qur'an (2)

- Infallible source of authority

- Beautiful written in perfect Arabic

Where is the original Qur'an?

Heaven

Zabur

Pslams

Sahifah

Scrolls of Ibrahim, lost and no longer exist

Injil

Gospel - revealed to Jesus, thought to be lost

What can Muslims learn from the Qur'an? (3)

- Understand Qualities of Allah

- Follow a straight path

- Support in times of hardship

How do Muslims show respect to the Qur'an? (2)

- Highest point of the room

- Wash prior to reading it

Five Pillars of Islam

- Zakah

- Hajj

- Salah

- Shahadah

- Sawm

Zakah

Charity performed by Muslims

How many times should a Muslim pray? Name them

5

-Fajr - before sunrise

-Zuhr - Just after midday

-Asr - afternoon

-Maghrib - Just after sunset

-Isha - Night

How many times a day to Shi'a Muslims pray?

3 - they combine midday + afternoon and sunset + night

Wudu

Ritual washing before prayer

Quotes for Wudu (2)

"wash your faces and your hands to the elbows"

"wash your whole body"

Quotes for Salah (1)

"keep up regular prayer, for prayer is obligatory for the believers at prescribed times"

When do Muslims hear the Shahadah?

Upon birth, upon death

During prayer

The Shahadah

"I declare that there is no God but God

and Muhammad is his messenger"

Shi'a Shahadah

"and Ali is the friend of God"

10 Obligatory Acts - Shi'a

1) Salah - Prayer

2) Sawm - Fasting

3) Zakah - Charitable giving

4) Khums - 20% tax income

5) Hajj - pilgrimage

6) Jihad - struggle

7) Amr bil Maruf - encouraging good

8) Nahi Anil Munkar - forbidding evil

9) Tawallah - expressing love towards Good

10) Tabarra - dissociating with enemies of God

How many names does Allah have?

99

How many prophets are mentioned in the Quran?

25

Risalah

The belief that prophets are an important channel of communication between God and humans

Two roles of the prophets:

- Perfect example on how to live

- Lead the community

Al-Qadr

Predestination

Al-Qadr Beliefs (3)

- Everything follows a divine path

- Human life is a test for our use of free will

- Nothing happens without Allah's permission

Insh'allah

God willing

Jibril (3)

- First thing God gave life to

- Purified the heart of Muhammad (pbuh)

- Helped Ibrahim when he was thrown into fire

Mika'il (3)

- Giver of rain + sustenance

- Angel of Mercy

- Has a million faces and mouths to ask God's mercy on humankind

Quotes for Angels

"Whoever is an enemy to God and His angels and His messengers and Jibril and Mika'il - then indeed, God is an enemy to the disbelievers"

Qualities of Angels (3)

- Made from light

- No free will

- Immortal

What do angels do? (2)

- Deliver the word of God to the prophets

- 'Book of Deeds' - record your every thought and action

Book of Deeds

Book containing a person's good and bad actions. Read by the angel before judgement

"They will find everything they ever did laid in front of them"

Six Articles of Faith (Sunni)

- Angels

- Tawhid

- Authority of holy books

- Prophets of God

- Day of Judgement

- Supremacy of God's Will

The five roots of Usul ad-Din (Shi'a)

- Prophethood

- Tawhid

- Justice of God

- Imamate

- Resurrection

Muhammad (pbuh) is the...

seal of the prophets

Shirk

major sin, comparing something to or greater than Allah

Quotes for God (2)

- "God the One, God the eternal"

- "He begot no one nor was He begotten"

Qualities of God - Tawhid

Oneness of God

Qualities of God - Immanence

God acts within all things in the physical realm

Qualities of God - Transcendence

God is Creator and not limited by the universe

Qualities of God - Omnipotence

almighty and has unlimited power

Qualities of God - Beneficence

God cares for us and is a source of generosity

Qualities of God - Fairness

God treats all fairly despite their qualities and appearance

Qualities of God - Adalat

God is just and will decide our fates on the Day of Judgement

Qualities of God - Mercy

God understands our suffering and forgives us if we show remorse

Why was Iblis thrown out of paradise?

Refused to bow down to Adam

Why is Adam important?

- Passed down knowledge to human race

- God revealed what foods to avoid, how to repent and burial

Night of Power

Mount Hira - Revealed that Muhammad (pbuh) would be Allah's messenger

"Muhammad! You are Allah's messenger!"

Jannah

Paradise

Jahannam

Hell

Akhirah

Everlasting life after death

Barzakh

Stage between death and the time of judgement

What is Jannah like? (2)

- "gardens of pleasure"

- "garments will be silk"

What is Jahannam like? (2)

- "dwell amid scorching wind"

- "Nor will there be a way for them out of the Fire"

Sunni's first Caliph

Abu Bakr

First Imam

Ali

The Twelvers

Believes there are 12 Imams, and that the final one is hidden somewhere on Earth and will return with Isa to bring equality

Last Imam

Mahdi

What do Twelvers believe?

The Imams can interpret the Qur'an perfectly and uphold Shariah law

Salah

Prayer 5 times a day

Jummah Prayer

weekly communal prayer performed at midday on Friday

Du'a Prayers

added on the end of rak'ah, personal prayer

Rak'ah

A sequence of prayer containing actions and recitations

Rak'ah quote

"So woe to those who pray but are heedless of their prayer"

Rak'ah examples

- Reciting first chapter from Qur'an standing

- 'Glory to my Lord who is the very greatest' x3 - bowing

Prostration

Kneel - submission to God

Quotes for Prayer (2)

- "Your Lord says, 'Call on Me and I will answer you"

- "Believers! When the call to prayer is made on the day of congregation, hurry towards the reminder of God and leave off your trading"

Nisab

the minimum amount of wealth needed by a Muslim to give Zakah

Sadaqah

Good actions or voluntary payments

Almsgiving

refers to act of giving forms of assistance to those in need

How much to pay in Zakah

2.5%

Specific amounts for Nisab

612.36g of Silver

87.48g of Gold

Why pay Zakah?

- Sin to let others in society suffer

- Holding onto wealth is a sin - greed

Quote for Khums

"Know that one-fifth of your battle gains belongs to God and the Messenger, to close relatives and orphans, to the needy and travellers"

Zakah uses

Help poor, orphans + widows

Upkeep of Mosques + Muslim schools

Missionary work

What should Muslims be for Hajj?

- Enough money to travel

- Sound Health

- Ihram

Ihram

dress worn on pilgramige to Makkah, promotes equality in the eyes of God

Intention

Niyyah - purely for Allah, not for worldly motives, spiritual purification

Intention Scripture

"Actions are judged by intentions" - Hadith

Ihram Scripture

"no disobedience, and no disputing during Hajj" - Qur'an

Tawaf

Circle the Ka'aba anticlockwise 7 times

Tawaf Scripture

"perform Tawaf around the ancient House" - Qur'an

Safa + Marwa

Walk along the walkway linking Safa + Mawra 7 times - collect water from the Zamzam

Safa + Marwa Scripture

"Indeed - Safa and Marwa are among the symbols of Allah" - Qur'an

Standing at Arafat

God will forgive all sin at Arafat - Muhammad (pbuh) gave his last sermon

Standing at Arafat Scripture

"Hajj is Arafat" - Hadith

Muzdalifah

Spend the night - collect 49 pebbles on the way

Muzdalifah Scripture

"Muzdalifah is a stopping place" - Hadith

Stoning of the Devil

3 stone walls - devil + temptation, reject evil

Stoning of the Devil Scripture

"When you cast the pebbles, it will be a light for you on the day of Judgement" - Hadith

Sacrifice

sacrifice animals and give leftovers to the poor

Males - shave head

Women - cut off a small lock

Sacrifice Scripture

"For every hair of the sacrificed animal, you will receive a reward from Allah" - Hadith

Final Tawaf

return to Ka'aba and circle it several times anti-clockwise

Final Tawaf Scripture

"No one should leave Makkah until his last act is at the House" - Hadith

Id-Ul-Fitr

Festival of breaking fast - gather in mosques + large outdoor areas

Why is Id-Ul-Fitr important

a way to praise Allah and Muhammad (pbuh) told us to do so

Id-Ul-Adha

Festival of sacrifice

Remembers Ibrahim who was ready to sacrifice Ishmael to God

Id-Ul-Adha important

Part of Hajj

Giving + sacrificing

Reminds that Allah is Great

Share Wealth

Ashura

mourning the death of Husayn in the Battle of Karabala