ENG 7 Q4 LESSON

Problem-Solution Text

A type of text that includes two parts: the problem (issue) and the solution (suggested action).

Signal Words

Words like 'problem', 'issue', and 'solution' that help identify the structure of a problem-solution text.

Diction

Word choice that influences the tone and professionalism of a text.

Objective Words

Neutral and factual words, such as 'issue', 'concern', and 'challenge', used in problem-solution texts.

Persuasive Words

Words used to convince the reader, such as 'urgent', 'necessary', and 'effective', often found in problem-solution texts.

Casual Words

Informal language that should be avoided in academic writing, including terms like 'messed up' and 'gotta'.

Transition Markers

Words or phrases that clarify the relationships between problems and solutions, and improve the readability of text.

Main Idea

The central message of a text, similar to the headline, supported by details.

Supporting Details

Facts, figures, and opinions that help explain or reinforce the main idea of a text.

Claim of Fact

A verifiable statement based on evidence, e.g., 'Plastic pollution has increased by 30% in the past decade.'

Claim of Policy

A statement suggesting what action should be taken, e.g., 'The government should provide free healthcare for all citizens.'

Claim of Value

An expression of opinion or judgment, e.g., 'Online learning is better than traditional learning.'

Pre-Writing

The first step in writing that helps gather and organize ideas before starting to write.

Drafting

The process of writing the first version (rough draft) of an essay.

Revising

The process of reviewing and improving writing to make ideas clearer and arguments stronger.

Editing

The process of fixing mistakes in grammar, punctuation, and word choice to enhance clarity.

Publishing

The act of sharing final written work with an audience to raise awareness and encourage action.

Recipient

The person who receives a letter or request.

Sender

The person who writes and sends the letter.

Salutation

The greeting at the beginning of the letter.

Body of the Letter

The main part of the letter where the request is explained in detail.

Closing

The words used at the end of the letter before the sender’s name.

Format

The organization and presentation style of the letter.

Clarity

Being clear and easy to understand; essential for effective communication.

Politeness

Showing good manners and respect in communication, influencing the recipient's willingness to help.

What are the two main parts of a problem-solution text?

The problem (issue) and the solution (suggested action).

What are signal words in problem-solution texts?

Words like problem, issue, solution, one possible way, and therefore that guide recognition of the text structure.

How does understanding problem-solution texts benefit us?

It helps us make better decisions in real life, such as solving problems in school or in the community.

What is diction in the context of writing?

Word choice; it influences how professional and persuasive a text sounds.

What types of words should be used in problem-solution texts?

Objective words for neutrality, persuasive words for convincing, and avoid casual words.

What are common functions of transition markers?

They show relationships between problems and solutions, improve readability, and enhance logical flow.

What is the main idea of a text?

The central message or key message, akin to the headline of a news story.

What are supporting details?

Information that elaborates on the main idea, similar to the body of a news story.

Why are specific dates important in supporting details?

Using specific dates lends credibility to the claims made, e.g., 'In 2018, a study published… revealed that reading strengthens brain connectivity.'

What role do statistical reports play in supporting details?

They provide evidence through data, e.g., 'According to a Pew Research Center survey in 2021… 67% of students who read for leisure achieve higher scores.'

How can research findings be utilized as supporting details?

Expert research supports the main idea, e.g., 'Dr. Maryanne Wolf states that reading enhances cognitive flexibility…'

What does summarizing expert opinions involve?

Keeping crucial ideas intact from expert statements, e.g., 'Excessive social media use contributes to anxiety among teens.'

What are the three types of claims?

Claim of Fact (verifiable statement), Claim of Policy (suggests actions), and Claim of Value (expresses an opinion).

What is an example of a Claim of Fact?

'Plastic pollution has increased by 30% in the past decade.'

What is an example of a Claim of Policy?

'The government should provide free healthcare for all citizens.'

What is an example of a Claim of Value?

'Online learning is better than traditional learning.'

What is the purpose of pre-writing?

It helps gather and organize ideas before writing, making writing clear and preventing writer's block.

What is brainstorming in pre-writing?

Writing down all ideas about the topic without filtering or organizing them.

What does outlining involve in the pre-writing process?

Organizing your ideas in an order that makes logical sense for your essay.

How does mind mapping help in pre-writing?

Drawing connections between related ideas and topics to visualize relationships and structure.

What is listing as a pre-writing method?

Creating a list of important points that support your main idea for easier organization.

What is questioning in the context of pre-writing?

Asking questions like Who, What, Where, When, Why, and How to gather more details and insights on the topic.

Why is it important to know your audience when writing?

It helps choose the right tone and vocabulary, affects organization and detail, and ensures clear communication of your message.

What is drafting?

The process of writing the first version of your essay, often referred to as the rough draft.

What is the importance of drafting?

It helps organize thoughts, allows for evaluation of ideas, and provides an opportunity for later improvement and refinement.