English 11 June Exam

vocab

Epistrophe

repetition of a word at the END of successive clauses, sentences or lines of poetry to create emphasis

ex. See no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil

ex. She is kind in word, in deed and in heart

ex. They built the city on hope, on faith, on love

Allusion

brief, underdeveloped reference to a familiar place, event, person, character, literature, mythology or the Bible

ex. This place is like a Garden of Eden

ex. He’s chasing the Holy Grail of success

ex. This is our Winterfell moment

Anaphora

repetition of a word at the BEGINNING of successive clauses, sentences or lines of poetry to create emphasis

ex. Never quit, never settle, never stop

ex. Be kind, be honest, be you

ex. Stay strong, stay true, stay brave

Enjambment

running on the thought from one line, couplet, or stanza to the next without a syntactical break

ex. I cannot wait to see the dawn - break through the night’s embrace

ex. She walked into the room and saw - the empty chair beside the window

ex. The river flows beyond the bend, whispering secrets as it goes

Metonym

figurative language that uses a word from something closely related to it, such as “Wall Street” for the financial industry

ex. The pen is mightier than the sword

ex. Hollywood loves a good sequel

ex. The crown will device the matter

Motif

recurrent element that helps to explain the theme of a literary work

ex. The sound of drums echoed like the heartbeat of war

ex. She wore a diff. mask every day, hiding her true self

ex. No matter the path he chose, fate always found him

Tmesis

rhetorical device that breaks down a word/phrase into 2 parts by inserting another word in the middle

ex. That is fan-bloody-tastic

ex. It’s a hell-of-a-deal

ex. It's a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity

Symbol

word, object or character in literature that represents something beyond itself

ex. The heart is a symbol of love

ex. The cross is a symbol of faith

ex. The three stood as a symbol of life

Zeugma

word in one sentence used to mean 2 diff. things (literal and figurative)

ex. He lost his passport and his temper

ex. He stole my wallet and my trust

ex. He caught the train and a cold

Alliteration

The repetition of the same consonant or vowel sound at the start of words that are closely associated

ex. The King called to the countess

ex. Sally sells seashells by the seashore

ex. Clouds covered the countryside.

Assonance

The repetition of the same or similar vowel sounds within words in close proximity

ex. He fell asleep under the cherry tree

ex. He sees the deep green sea

ex. Go and mow the lawn

Caesura

A pause in a line determined by the natural rhythm of the diction.

ex. Two roads diverged - in a yellow wood

ex. To be, or not to be - that is the question

ex. The sun sets - and darkness falls

Consonance

The repetition of the same consonant sound within words in close proximity.

ex. The waterfall stairs to his shy smile

ex. A stroke of luck struck him

ex. Pitter-patter of little feet

Rhyme

The positioning of two or more words reasonably close together in order to emphasize a similarity or agreement in their sounds

ex. The night was calm, the stars shone bright, We sat and talked till morning light

ex. She danced with grace across the floor, The crowd all cheered and asked for more

ex. The river flows, so smooth and wide, It carries dreams upon its tide

End Rhyme

A rhyme that occurs between the final words on two lines

ex. The cat sat on the mat, She wore a hat and swung a bat

ex. At night I dream beneath the sky, And wonder softly, asking why
ex. The sun will shine on fields of gold, A sight so warm, a joy to hold

Internal Rhyme

A rhyme that occurs between two words within a single line

ex. I drove to town to buy a gown, but lost it in the crowd

ex. The bright light of night gave me a fright

ex. The cat in the hat sat flat on the mat.

Imperfect Rhyme

Words where the final consonants are identical but the preceding vowels differ

ex. I drove to town to buy a gown, but lost it in the crowd

ex. The bright light of night gave me a fright

ex. The cat in the hat sat flat on the mat

Sight Rhyme

Words that conclude with the same spelling but that do not rhyme in the way they are pronounced

ex. She read the verse with love and moved, Though none could tell what she had proved

ex. The wind blew hard against the bough, The storm was fierce, we wondered how

ex. His daughter laughed with open laughter, Her voice rang out he ran in after.

Logos

seeking to draw the reader in (persuade) by appealing to their common sense, logic and reason

Ethos

seeking to draw the reader in (persuade) by appealing to the credibility of the narrator, characters or the audience themselves

Pathos

seeking to draw the reader in (persuade) with a powerful emotional response to characters or narrative

Catharsis

process of releasing, provides relief from strong/repressed emotions

Juxtaposition

two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting or connecting effect

Iconoclast

someone who attacks cherished beliefs/institutions

Utopia

an imagined place or state of things in which everything is perfect

Dystopia

an imagined state or society in which there is great suffering or injustice, typically one that is totalitarian or post-apocalyptic

Idealist

a person who is guided more by ideals than by practical considerations