4.1 APHG- Intro to Political Geography

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25 Terms

1

Political Geography

the study of the political organization of the world

<p>the study of the political organization of the world</p>
2

city-state

A city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside

<p>A city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside</p>
3

empire

land with different territories and peoples under a single rule

<p>land with different territories and peoples under a single rule</p>
4

state

A geographic area organized into one political unit (you might think of this as a "country")

<p>A geographic area organized into one political unit (you might think of this as a "country")</p>
5

4 characteristics of a state (country)

1. Population (a state has people)
2. Territory (a state has spatial extant and defined boundaries)
3. Sovereignty (a state is independent and self-governing)
4. Government (a state has an established system of government)

<p>1. Population (a state has people)<br>2. Territory (a state has spatial extant and defined boundaries)<br>3. Sovereignty (a state is independent and self-governing)<br>4. Government (a state has an established system of government)</p>
6

U.S. state

one of the fifty sub-national political divisions in the USA. A state is not a STATE

<p>one of the fifty sub-national political divisions in the USA. A state is not a STATE</p>
7

nation

a large group of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular territory.

<p>a large group of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular territory.</p>
8

self-determination

The idea that nations have the right to govern themselves

<p>The idea that nations have the right to govern themselves</p>
9

nation-state

a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent.

<p>a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent.</p>
10

around the time of World War 1

when did the idea of the "nation-state" first become common

<p>when did the idea of the "nation-state" first become common</p>
11

difference between "nation" and "state"

a nation is GROUP OF PEOPLE with similar culture and history, while a state is a GEOGRAPHIC AREA controlled by a specific government

<p>a nation is GROUP OF PEOPLE with similar culture and history, while a state is a GEOGRAPHIC AREA controlled by a specific government</p>
12

multinational state

State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to live peacefully together as one state

<p>State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to live peacefully together as one state</p>
13

nations of the former Soviet Union

Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, etc...

<p>Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, etc...</p>
14

examples of multinational states

Soviet Union, United Kingdom, Canada, Belgium, Afghanistan, China

<p>Soviet Union, United Kingdom, Canada, Belgium, Afghanistan, China</p>
15

multistate nation

nation that transcends the borders of two or more states (there are members of that ethnic group in multiple countries)

<p>nation that transcends the borders of two or more states (there are members of that ethnic group in multiple countries)</p>
16

examples of multistate nations

Koreans (there are Koreans in North and South Korea), Arabs (throughout North Africa and Middle East), Germans (in Germany, parts of Switzerland, northern Italy, Belgium, Poland), Kurds (they are also a stateless nation)

<p>Koreans (there are Koreans in North and South Korea), Arabs (throughout North Africa and Middle East), Germans (in Germany, parts of Switzerland, northern Italy, Belgium, Poland), Kurds (they are also a stateless nation)</p>
17

stateless nation

when an ethnicity has a history of self-determination but does not have a recognized state

<p>when an ethnicity has a history of self-determination but does not have a recognized state</p>
18

examples of stateless nations

Kurds, Romani, Palestinians, Uyghurs, Tibetans, Tamils, Plemish, Hmong, Basques

<p>Kurds, Romani, Palestinians, Uyghurs, Tibetans, Tamils, Plemish, Hmong, Basques</p>
19

autononomous

self-governing

<p>self-governing</p>
20

autonomous regions

regions with a certain degree of autonomy from an external authority, and power over their own affairs (usually are geographically distant from the external power)-- Example- Taiwan

<p>regions with a certain degree of autonomy from an external authority, and power over their own affairs (usually are geographically distant from the external power)-- Example- Taiwan</p>
21

semi-autonomous region

regions with some control over their own affairs, but another state also controls the region

<p>regions with some control over their own affairs, but another state also controls the region</p>
22

examples of semi-autonomous regions

Native American reservations, Hong Kong, Puerto Rico

<p>Native American reservations, Hong Kong, Puerto Rico</p>
23

195

# of states (countries) recognized today (2020)

<p># of states (countries) recognized today (2020)</p>
24

35

# of states (countries) recognized in 1776 when the US became a country

<p># of states (countries) recognized in 1776 when the US became a country</p>
25

70

# of states (countries) recognized in 1939 when WW2 began

<p># of states (countries) recognized in 1939 when WW2 began</p>