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Income
High income provides educational advantages - tuition, warm houses, transport
Wealthy afford to move out of catchment to best schools
Lower income cannot afford equipment, healthy diet - worried about debts in university
A.H Halsey 1980 - material factors more important than cultural
Children’s Commission on Poverty 2014 - many parents struggling to pay for uniform - children fall behind because couldn’t afford internet facilities
Children in damp conditions - tired and cannot concentrate at school
Marilyn Howard - young people from poorer homes have lower intake of energy + vitamins - weaker immune systems
More likely to be absent from school and struggle to concentrate
More likely have behavioural problems - 10 yr olds, lower classes more anxiety which negatively affect education
Cost of education
Aviva- families pay over £1000 a month for child’s education, includes transport, uniform, textbooks
Children’s commission in poverty 2014 - low income families more likely experience bullying - non-uniform days a problem
Child poverty action 2023 - going to school in UK primary school costs at least £864.87 a year
Secondary costs £1,755.97 a year - across all 14 years is £18,345.85
Choice of school
Low-income families less choice of schools - schools vary in quality so higher prices around better schools
Stephen Ball - more choices of schools if you have money
Government surgery - 20% child’s development due to school attended
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