Contemporary Arts - 1st Periodical Examination

Contemporary Art

• It is the art that springs out of the present-day events and passions of the society. It is the newest form of art, amusing people from the middle to the late 20th century up to this time (Perez, 2016).

• It is a statement that an artist makes about life, thoughts, ideas, beliefs, and many other things that define human life (Ramirez, 2016).

Characteristics of Contemporary Art

1. It is not confined in the museum.

2. It practices a different way of selling art works.

3. Many contemporary artists are self-taught and did not have formal education.

4. It has a variety of materials or medium to choose from.

5. Its artists sometimes employ the help of fabricators, carpenters, electricians, or welders in “constructing” artworks.

6. Originality is not an issue in this type of art

7. It is the process, rather than sale, which is essential in contemporary art-making

Subject Matter

is any person, animal, thing, or issue that is described or represented in a work. It usually generates the question, “What is it?”

is not confined to representation of human figures and landscapes.

Commonly, the subjects in this art are children, women, the environment, or a combination of any of these. There are also artworks where the subject matter is not easily recognized.

Styles

A. Abstract Expressionism
B. Kinetic art
C. Op art
D. Performance Art
E. Environment Art
F. Feminist Art
G. Minimalism
H. Video art
I. Graffiti Art
J. Postmodern Art
K. Body Art
l. Digital Art

Abstract Expressionism

It is a painting style in which the artist applies paint in a manner that expresses emotions and feelings in a spontaneous way.

Kinetic Art

It is a sculpture that moves with the wind or with the help of a machine or electricity.

Op Art

It uses lines or images repeatedly to create an optical illusion.

Performance Art

Consist of a variety of media and human body to execute an artistic theatrical expression before a live audience.

Environment Art

Involves artistic creation and manipulation of space such as landscape or architectural design that may enclose its audience.

Feminist Art

It tackles issues of identity, sexuality, gender roles, equality, and the ways in which the female is treated in society.

Minimalism

It shows a stripped-down, pre-fabricated look, free of details, and often with flat surface but expresses a specific content or statement.

Video Art

It consists of images that are recorded through a video and viewed through television, computer, or projection screen.

Graffiti Art

It is a drawing, inscription or sketch done hastily on a wall or other surface made to be seen by the public.

Postmodern Art

It carries modern styles to extreme practices, often expressing an idea through a mix of materials such as found objects welded together.

Body Art

It is an art form that uses body as the medium or main material. It can be painted or clothed and used to perform artistic act in public. Tattooing and piercing are also examples of body art.

Digital Art

It is done with the aid of computer to create an image or design composed of bits and bytes. The image can be printed on paper, tarpaulin, or other mediums

Types of Techniques in Contemporary Arts

1. Collage
2. Decalcomania
3. Decoupage
4. Frottage
5. Montage
6. Trapunto
7. Digital applications

Collage

A piece of art made by sticking various materials such as photographs and pieces of paper or fabric onto a backing.

Decalcomania

The art or process of transferring pictures and designs from specially prepared paper (as to glass).

Decoupage

The art of decorating surfaces by applying cutouts (as of paper) and then coating with usually several layers of finish (such as lacquer or varnish).

Frottage

The technique of creating a design by rubbing (as with a pencil) over an object placed underneath the paper.

Montage

The production of a rapid succession of images in a motion picture to illustrate an association of ideas.

Trapunto

A decorative quilted design in high relief worked through at least two (2) layers of cloth by outlining the design in running stitch and padding it from the underside.

Digital Applications

Any application software that can be used by a computer, mobile device, or tablet to make and/or display a work of art.

The Order of the National Artists

Established under Proclamation No. 1001, s. 1972, it is the highest national recognition given to Filipino individuals who have made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts. The National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP) administers the award. The president of the Philippines grants this award to a person that is recommended by both institutions every three (3) years.

The Order of National Artists aims to recognize:

1. Filipino artists who have made significant contributions to the cultural heritage of the country.

2. Filipino artistic accomplishment at its highest level and to promote creative expression as significant to the development of a national cultural identity.

3. Filipino artists who have dedicated their lives to their works to forge new paths and directions for future generations of Filipino artists.

Honors and Privileges

1. The rank and title of National Artist, as proclaimed by the President of the Philippines;

2. The National Artist gold-plated medallion minted by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) and citation;

3. Lifetime emolument and material and physical benefits comparable in value to those received by the highest officers of the land such as: 3.1. A minimum cash award of Two Hundred Thousand Pesos (P200,000.00), net of taxes for living awardees and a minimum cash award of One Hundred Fifty Thousand Pesos (P150,000.00), net of taxes for posthumous awardees, payable to legal heir/s;

3.2 A minimum lifetime personal monthly stipend of Thirty Thousand Pesos (P30,000.00)

Bahay Kubo or Nipa Hut

Also known as kamalig, it serves as an icon to Filipino lowland and rural culture. It is a stilt house with walls usually made up of bamboo rods and bamboo mats or sawali, and a thatched roof made up of anahaw or nipa.

Bale or Ifugao House

It is a one-room house with an attic for storage. Located at the contour of the rice terraces, the exterior of the house looks like a pyramid resting on four posts, while the interior is enclosed by slanting walls and ceiling that appears to be spherical that are formed by the loft.

Ivatan House in Batanes

Most of the Ivatan houses are built with limestone walls, and cogon roofs, strong enough to withstand the typhoons and earthquakes that visit the province. It has narrow doors and windows with wooden shutters and often secured by wooden bars.

Torogan or Maranao House

Literally means “a place for sleeping,” torogan is a stately house for the elite members of the Maranao tribe in Mindanao. As the house of the datu or sultan, it is a symbol of status and leadership. It also serves as a courthouse, hall for community meetings, and its courtyard as ritual areas for weddings

Badjao’s Stilt Houses and Houseboats

The Badjao, known as the sea gypsies of the Philippines, navigate the Sulu islands. Their fishing lifestyle requires adapting to limited space on their lepa (floating homes), with platforms for fish, utensils, and a kitchen at the back. Some Badjao live in stilt houses made from driftwood and coastal debris, anchored between rocks and corals.

Wooden Banca

The outrigger canoe is a small wooden boat used for transport in daily activities by people near the coast. It is sometimes highly decorated.

Vinta

It is a traditional boat made by Sama-Bajau (Badjao) and Moros living in the Sulu Archipelago, Zamboanga peninsula, and southern Mindanao. The assorted vertical colors in its sail represent the colorful culture of the Muslim community. These boats are used for inter-island transport of people and goods.

Piña Fabric

Piña weaving is the oldest industry of Aklan. Piña cloth is soft and looks delicate but it is durable and long-lasting. It is often used to our national costumes, the baro’t saya and barong. If the piña fiber is blended with silk, it is called “piña silk” and when mixed with abaca it is called “piña jusi.”

T’nalak Woven Cloth

Woven by the T’boli women of Lake Sebu, South Cotabato, Mindanao, it represents the tribe’s culture and tradition. According to them, the unique designs and patterns on the cloth are bestowed upon them through dreams.

Tingkep Baskets

It serves both practical and spiritual purposes in the Pala’wan community life. It is used as a storage container for rice, salt, and personal belongings. It is also used to house the powerful female spirit Linamin et Kundu during a healing ritual called Kundu. It is handcrafted by the women from fine bamboo strips and made in natural colors.

Hinabol

Weaving is a joyful tradition for the Higaonon of Bukidnon. Made from abaca, hinabol reflects the weaver’s emotions and is used as an offering, gift, dowry, or peace token.

. Yakan-Weaved Cloth

Made by the Yakan tribe from Basilan, it features elaborate geometric designs and patterns that are inspired by nature. The fabrics produced by the weavers are used for religious and ritual purposes, bartered for daily necessities, given as gifts, and used for peace offerings in times of conflict.

The Tapis of the Kalinga Tribe

For them, weaving is a sacred tradition passed on from mother to daughter. The tapis is a costume indigenous to the Kalinga and Apayao. It is a rectangular cloth woman wear as a wraparound skirt. The garment was woven using a backstrap loom and was embroidered with nature-inspired patterns.

Performing Art

These may be folk dances and music which are developed by an individual or groups of people that reflect their traditions and culture.

Literature

It refers to the traditional oral literature of various ethnic groups of the country. It includes the story of “Malakas at Maganda” and epics such as “Hudhud ni Aliguyon,” “Darangan,” and the likes.

Ornament

It is used to embellish parts of a building or object. The Ifugaos have carved Anito figures or Bulul which represent their ancestral spirit and granary gods. The bulul is placed in the rice granaries to guard their harvest. On the other hand, the Kapampangans are famous in their parol, an iconic symbol of the Filipino Christmas

Manunggul Jar

It is a secondary burial jar found in the early 1960’s in Manunggul Cave, Lippun Point, Palawan. The upper portion of the jar is incised with curvilinear scroll designs and painted with natural iron or hematite. On top of the lid is a boat with two human figures representing two souls on a voyage to the afterlife. The boatman is seated behind a figure whose hands are crossed on the chest. The position of the hands is a traditional Filipino practice observed when arranging the corpse.

Maitum Anthropomorphic Potteries

Maitum Anthropomorphic Potteries Earthenware pots resembling human figures were found in Ayub Cave in Pinol, Maitum, Saranggani Province. The pots were dated to the Metal Age (5 BC – 225 AD) and were used for secondary burial. There were 29 jars discovered and each of head-shaped covers portrays different kinds of expressions: sadness, joy, contentment. The heads were either plain or coated with red or black paints. Some have earrings, others are tattooed. Some covers depict teeth while others have arms, female breasts, and male genitalia.

Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) or National Living Treasures Awards

Institutionalized through R.A. No. 7355, GAMABA is awarded to a citizen engaged in any traditional art uniquely Filipino whose distinctive skills reached such a high level of technical and artistic excellence and have been passed on to and widely practiced by the present generation in his/her community with the same degree of technical and artistic competence.