Liam PS Week 11

Language and Learning

Broca’s Aphasia

Loss of ability to speak due to injury to Broca’s area.

Wernicke’s Area (2)

1. Involved in comprehension of speech and written language.

2. Located in the posterior section of the temporal lobe.

Wernicke’s Aphasia (2)

1. Able to produce speech, but speech is not meaningful or intelligible.

2. “Word salad”

Global Aphasia

Disruption of both speech production and language comprehension

Habit

An action that is performed repeatedly until it becomes automatic

Dishabituation

Recovery of a response to a stimulus after habituation occurs.

Non-associative (learning)

When an organism is repeatedly exposed to one type of stimulus.

Habituation

Repeated exposure to the same stimulus results in a decreased response.

Sensitization (2)

1. The opposite of habituation.

2. Increased response to a stimulus.

Associative Learning (3)

1. Learning by association between two different stimuli.

2. Associating a stimulus with another stimulus or behavior.

3. Includes classical conditioning and operant conditioning.

Types of sleep disorders (2)

1. Dyssomnias

2. Parasomnias

Availability Heuristic (3)

1. The tendency to make judgments based on how easily examples come to mind.

2. Events that are easier to remember are often perceived as more common than they actually are.

3. Example: Believing shark attacks are very common because they receive a lot of media attention.

Hypnosis (3)

1. A state of relaxation, focused attention, and increased willingness to relinquish control over one's actions.

2. Can be induced through cooperation with a hypnotist or through self-hypnosis.

3. Cannot be performed against a person's will.

Polysomnography (PSG)

A technique used to measure physiological activity during sleep.

Stages of Sleep (5)

1. Awake

2. Stage 1 Sleep (NREM 1)

3. Stage 2 Sleep (NREM 2)

4. Stage 3 Sleep (NREM 3/ Slow-Wave Sleep)

5. Stage 4 Sleep (REM Sleep)