APUSH Unit 2 Overview fiveable

Mercantilism

Economic system based on a favorable balance of trade between the mother country and its colonies, aimed at maintaining gold and silver within the empire.

Navigation Acts

Laws passed by England to uphold the economic policy of mercantilism by regulating colonial trade.

Salutary Neglect

An unofficial policy of relaxed colonial governance and trade enforcement by England during the late 17th and early 18th centuries.

House of Burgesses

The first legislative assembly in the American colonies, established in Virginia in 1619.

Jamestown

The first permanent English colony in North America, founded in Virginia in 1607.

First Great Awakening

A religious revival in the American colonies during the 1730s to 1750s that emphasized personal faith and challenged traditional church authority.

Act of Toleration

A Maryland law passed in 1649 that allowed religious freedom for any Christian group believing in the divinity of Jesus.

King Philip's War

A conflict between New England colonists and Native American tribes, led by Metacom (King Philip), resulting in the displacement of many Native Americans.

Triangular Trade

A system of trade between the New World, Europe, and Africa where resources were exchanged for manufactured goods and slaves.

Headright System

A law that offered settlers fifty acres of land for every individual they brought to the New World to encourage settlement.

John Winthrop

Puritan founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony who envisioned creating a 'City on a Hill' as an example for others.

Bacon’s Rebellion

A rebellion in 1676 by Virginia settlers, led by Nathaniel Bacon, against the governor's policies.

Puritans

A religious group in New England who sought to purify the Anglican Church of its Catholic practices.

John Locke

An influential Enlightenment thinker who contributed to the constitutional ideas in colonial governments.

Great Awakening Preachers

Influential religious leaders during the First Great Awakening, such as Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield, who encouraged a personal connection to faith.